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1970’li yıllarda başlamak üzere günümüze kadar İslam ve psikolojiyi birleştirmeye yönelik bir ilgi kaydedilmektedir. Bilginin İslamileştirilmesi hareketinin bir uzantısı olan psikolojinin İslamileştirilmesi hareketiyle İslami temellere oturan ve İslami bir insan tasavvuruna dayanan bir psikoloji geliştirme çabaları doğmuştur. Bu çerçevede öncülerden Malik Bedri’nin izinde insan doğasında dini/manevi yönü göz ardı eden materyalist Batı psikolojisine gösterilen tepkiler, topyekun bir reddedişten İslami ve Batılı unsurların sentezlenebileceğine kadar çeşitlilik göstermektedir. Batı psikolojisine karşı bu farklı tutumlardan hareketle İslami psikoloji hareketi bu güne kadar dünya çapında geniş bir literatür birikimi, kurumsal oluşumlar ve eğitim programları geliştirmiştir. İslami psikoloji alanındaki konu dağılımları, İslam düşünce mirasının psikolojiye katkılarından; Müslümanların ruh sağlığı üzerine araştırmalar; İslami terapi yöntemleri; Kur’an, sünnet, klasik İslam düşünce geleneği gibi İslami kaynaklara dayanan kişilik teorileri, terapi modelleri; nefs, fıtrat gibi anahtar kavramlar, tasavvufi pratikler; İslami psikolojiye temel teşkil edecek teorik çalışmalara kadar varan geniş bir yelpazeyi kapsamaktadır. Ancak İslami ile neyin kastedildiği, İslami psikolojinin tanım, metodoloji ve teorisi bilimsel seviyede netlik kazanmış değildir. Bazı kuramsal yaklaşımlar ayırt edilmekle beraber İslami psikolojinin tanım ve kuram sorunu henüz çözülmemiş olarak durmaktadır. Bu makalede Malik Bedri’nin öncülüğüyle başlamak üzere biriken literatür, tanım ve kuram sorunu ile psikolojinin İslamileştirilme gereği ile neyin, nasıl ve kim tarafından İslamileştirileceği incelenerek günümüze kadar İslami psikoloji alanındaki gelişmeler değerlendirilmiştir.
At the beginning of the 1970s, an interest is recorded to unite Islam and psychology until today. The Islamization of Knowledge is an extension of the Islamization of Psychology movement and the efforts to develop a psychology based on the Islamic foundations and a Islamic human image are born. In this framework, the reactions to the materialist Western psychology, which ignored the religious/spiritual aspect in human nature in the trace of Malik Bedri, from a rejection of the topic to the possibility of synthesizing Islamic and Western elements. Moving from these different attitudes to Western psychology, the Islamic Psychology Movement has developed a wide literary accumulation, corporate formations and educational programs worldwide until today. Theme distribution in the field of Islamic psychology, from the contribution of Islamic thought heritage to psychology; research on the mental health of Muslims; Islamic therapy methods; theories of personality based on Islamic sources such as the Qur'an, Sunnah, the classical Islamic thought tradition, therapeutic models; key concepts such as nefs, fithrat, tasavvufi practices; to a wide range of theoretical studies that will be the basis of Islamic psychology. But what is meant with Islam, the definition, methodology and theory of Islamic psychology has not gained clarity at the scientific level. While some theoretical approaches are distinguished, the definition and theoretical problem of Islamic psychology is still unresolved. In this article, the literature, definition and theory issue accumulated to begin with the leadership of Malik Bedri and the study of what, how and by whom the psychology will be islamized by Islamization and the development of the field of Islamic psychology has been evaluated to date.
Since the 1970’s there is a trend in integrating Islam and psychology. The efforts to develop a psychology that grounds on Islamic fundaments and an Islamic conception of man have been a part of Islamization of psychology that is an extension of the Islamization of knowledge movement. Within this approach following one of the pioneers Malik Badri the reactions towards materialistic Western psychology that ignores the religious/spiritual dimension in human nature change from total rejection to integration of Islamic and Western elements. According to these different attitudes towards Western psychology Islamic psychology produced a huge amount of publications, organizations and training programs worldwide. The subject fields of Islamic psychology vary from the contributions of early Muslim Scholars to psychology to research in Muslim mental health; Islamic therapy techniques; personality theories and therapy models based on the Qu’ran, Sunnah, and Islamic tradition of thought; key concepts like nefs, fitrah, sufi practices; conceptual and theoretical approaches to Islamic psychology. However the meaning of Islamic, the definition, methodology, and theory of Islamic psychology is not clarified scientifically yet. Although some conceptual approaches can be distinguished the problem of definition and conceptual framework yet remains unsolved. This paper starting by the leadership of Malik Badri examines the accumulated literature, the problem of definition and conceptualization, the need for Islamizing psychology and the how, what and who to fulfill this need and illustrates the developments that Islamic psychology went through.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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