Özet:

Turkish press, having around two hundred years of history, has not been able to establish a self-control mechanism functioning in a healthy way within the historical process. The most serious attempt on the subject was made in 1960 with foundation of Press Honour Council, however, such attempts failed soon. Under conditions where voluntary institutions fell short, the idea of assigning duty of supervision to institutions established by law came to the fore. In this context, task of inspection of newspapers and magazines in Turkey was assigned to Press Announcement Institution (PAI) founded with the Law No. 195 and a mixed control model was set forth. In this study which was carried out through literature review method, reasons for and results of the fact that printed media in Turkey could not manage to establish a self-control mechanism within itself were handled. In addition, structure, functioning, objectives and activities of Press Announcement Institution, which executes distribution of official announcements that are the largest sources of income for printed media and which also functions as a supervisory institution, were examined. In the study, it was tried to find out that self-control practices, although considered as an important factor in terms of freedom of press in Turkey, have not been attached adequate importance and that attempts on this subject have remained inconclusive again due to sectoral reasons. It was determined that PAI audited newspapers and magazines ex officio or upon complaint within the scope of Ethical Principles for Press and legislation and imposed various sanctions. Furthermore, the fact that PAI transfers funds to press on one hand and takes on a supervisory role on the other, was brought into question and a few recommendations were brought forward in the conclusion section.

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