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  Citation Number 4
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Fârâbî’de Ruhun Ölümsüzlüğü Meselesi
2017
Journal:  
Turkish Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

Ruhun bedenle nasıl bir ilişki içerisinde olduğu, bireysel nefslerin bedenin ölümü ile birlikte varlığını sürdürüp sürdüremeyeceği ile kişisel kimliğin devam edip etmeyeceği gibi sorular, bedenin ölümüyle birlikte ruhun akıbetinin ne olacağı bağlamında cevaplanması gereken sorulardır. Fârâbî’nin ruhun ölümsüzlüğünü kabul etmediği, özellikle bazı ruhların bedenin ölümüyle birlikte yok olacağına inandığı ileri sürülmüştür. Fârâbî’nin, insanın sadece Faal Akıl tarafından kendisine verilen rasyonel nefsin ölümsüz olduğuna, geriye kalanın ise yok olacağına inandığı iddia edilmiştir. Çalışmamızda, sudur nazariyesi bağlamında özgün bir nefs anlayışı geliştiren Fârâbî’nin, nefsin tabiatı itibariyle ölümsüz olmadığını ancak onu kazanma ve ölümsüz olma potansiyeline sahip olduğunu kabul ettiğini göstereceğiz. Fârâbî, nefsin ölümsüzlüğü ve öteki dünyadaki durumu meselesini mutluluk, erdem ve aklın yetkinleşmesi bağlamında ele almaktadır. Ona göre insani nefs, Faal Aklın yardımıyla önce bilkuvve, sonra bilfiil, en sonunda da müstefad akıl seviyesine çıktığında mutluluğun en üst seviyesine ulaşmaktadır. Mutluluğun en üst seviyesine ulaştığında akli nefs ölümsüzlüğü elde edebilmektedir. Dolayısıyla Fârâbî’ye göre ölümsüzlük, nefsin akli aşamaları geçtikten sonra kazanabileceği bir mertebedir. Buna göre, ilim ve hikmeti elde eden, ahlaki melekelerini geliştiren, nazari bilgilerini ameli aşamaya taşıyan erdemli insanların nefsleri, bireysel kimliklerini de muhafaza ederek ölümsüz olabileceklerdir. Bedensel özelliklerden soyutlanamayan nefisler ise cismani bedenle birlikte yok olacaklardır.

Keywords:

a matter of deathlessness of the soul in the spiritual
2017
Journal:  
Turkish Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

the questions that the individual nefs in a relationship with the body of the soul will not continue with the death of the body and continue with the death of the personal identity as if the soul will continue, together with the death of the body, the questions needed to be answered in the context of what the soul of the soul will be unconscious, and in particular, some spirits believe that the body will be destroyed with the death of the body, and what we will have to believe that there is no death of death, and what is the most unconsciousness of the death of the death, and what we believe in the unconsciousness of the death of the death of the world, and what we believe that there is not to be the death of death

Keywords:

The Immortality Of The Soul In Fârâbî
2017
Journal:  
Turkish Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

There are some questions need to be clarify from the point of view of what will happen to the soul after death of the body; such as how the soul is related to the body, whether individual souls will survive after death of the body and personal identity will survive after death of body. Some scholars have argued that Fārābī didn’t accept soul’s immortality; in particular, that some souls would disappear with the death of the body. And also asserted that Fārābī believed that the only thing that the rational soul, which is given to him by the Active Intellect, is immortal and that remains will disappear. In this study, I will discuss that Fārābī, who develops a unique genuine understanding of soul in the context of emanation theory, accepts that soul is not immortal by nature but has the potential to acquire it and be immortal. Fârâbî treats the subject of the immortality of the soul in the context of some concepts such as happiness, virtue and evolution of reason towards Active Intellect. According to him, the human soul has reached the highest level of happiness when it first achieves potential, then active and finally to the phase of acquired (mostafād) intellect by help of Active Intellect. When the highest level of happiness is reached, the immortality of the human soul is achieved too. According to Fārābī, therefore, the rational intellect needs to be developed and pass different phases in order to achieve immortality. The soul of virtuous people, who acquire knowledge and wisdom and had moral values, can be immortal with preserving their individual identities. Those who can’t be abstracted from the physical characteristics will disappear with their body.

Keywords:

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Turkish Studies

Field :   Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri

Journal Type :   Uluslararası

Metrics
Article : 12.054
Cite : 47.675
2023 Impact : 0.276
Turkish Studies