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Çalışmamızda ele alınan yapı, I. Alaeddin Keykubad Dönemi’nde olduğu gibi Selçuklu ümarasının bani olarak özellikle mescit ve medrese yapılarında karşımıza çıktığı ve 8,5 yıl gibi kısa bir sürenin içinde yoğun inşaat döneminin yaşandığı II. Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev Dönemi içinde inşa edilmiştir. Bina, kitabesine göre M. 1242-43 tarihinde II. Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev Dönemi’nde İmadüdddin Hazer Dinarı tarafından yaptırılmıştır. Selçuklu ümerasından olduğu düşünülen Dinarı ile ilgili herhangi bir kayda rastlanmamıştır. Ancak şehir halkı tarafından Kütahya fatihi olarak tanınmaktadır. Kendisinin bu mescit dışında Germiyanoğulları ve Osmanlı Dönemi’nde onarım görerek asli halini yansıtmayan Balıklı Camisi ile günümüze ulaşamayan iki mescidin ve bir sakahanenin daha banisi olduğu bilinmektedir. Bina, Kütahya’nın güneyinde Hıdırlık Tepesi olarak bilinen yerde yüksek bir kaya üzerine yapılmıştır. “L” şeklinde bir merdiven ile ulaşılan yapı öndeki 3,68x6,07 m ölçüsünde sivri kemerli eyvan şeklinde açıklıktan oluşan giriş bölümü ile 4,20x4,35 m ölçüsünde kare planlı mescit bölümünden oluşmaktadır. İçte beyaz badanalı duvarlı bina üst örtüde tuğla örgülü, prizmatik Türk Üçgeni kuşağı geçişli kubbeye sahiptir. Yapının öndeki eyvan biçimli giriş bölümü eyvan-türbe plan özelliğine sahip binaları hatırlatmaktadır. Bu plan tipindeki yapıların alt katının türbe-mezar odası, üst katının ise mescit olarak kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Ancak, Hıdırlık Mescidi, “Hızır İlyas kültü” ile ilişkili kutsal olduğu düşünülen bir kayalık üzerine inşa edilmiştir ve türbe ya da mezar odası olarak tanımlanabilecek bir mekâna sahip değildir. Ayrıca; yapının önündeki bu giriş bölümü, “son cemaat yeri” uygulamasının görüldüğü mescitlerden ölçü açısından daha küçük ve dardır. Muhtemelen bina, bu ön mekân uygulaması ile hem “son cemaat yeri” hem de “eyvan-türbe” ile birleşen bir özellik gösteren ender bir plan özelliğine sahiptir. Şu halde, her iki özelliği bünyesinde barındıran ve inşa edildiği dönemde benzeri olmayan planı ile yapı, Anadolu Selçuklu mimarisi içinde ünik bir örnek olarak kabul edilebilir.
The structure discussed in our work, I. Alaeddin Keykubad Period, as well as the Selçuklu Umara's monkey, especially in the mosques and medrese structures, and in a short period of 8.5 years, the intensive construction period occurred. It was built in a time of pleasure. The building, according to its book, dates from M. 1242-43. You have not been made by the Hazer Dinar in the time of the Giyaseddin. No record was found about the Dinar, which was thought to be of Selchuklu. The city is known as a fatihi. It is known that his own mosque is two mosques and one mosque that cannot be reached to the present day and one mosque that has not been repaid in the Germian sons and the Ottoman period by reflecting their original status. The building is built on a high rock in the southern part of Kütahya, where it is known as the Hıdırlık Hill. The structure achieved with a staircase in the form of "L" consists of a square-planned mosque section of 4,20x4,35 m with the entrance section formed by openness in the form of a brick belt of 3.68x6.07 m in the front. Inside the white-bedded walled building has the top cover of a thumb-covered, prizmatic Turkish Triangle generation transitional cubes. The entrance section in the front of the building reminds the buildings with the characteristic of the eyvan-turbe plan. It is known that the lower floor of the structures of this type of plan is a turbine-chamber room, and the top floor is used as a mosque. However, the Mosque is built on a rock that is believed to be sacred associated with the "Fast Illy's Cult" and has no place to be defined as a turbe or tomb room. Furthermore, this entrance section in front of the structure is smaller and narrow in terms of size than the mosques in which the application of "the last place of congregation" is seen. Probably the building has a rare plan feature, which shows a feature combined with both the "first gathering place" and the "animal-turbe" with this front space application. Thus, the structure, with a plan that is not similar in both characteristics and in the period in which it was built, can be considered as a unique example in the Anatolian Selçuklu architecture.
The structure handled in our study is encountered in particularly small mosque and madrasah structures by the constructor of Seljukian administrators just as in I. Alaeddin Keykubad Period and was constructed within II. Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev Period in which an intense construction period was experienced in a time as short as 8.5 years. The structure was constructed by İmadüdddin Hızır Dinarı in II. Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev Period in 1242-43 AD according to its epigraph. No record has been obtained related to the Dinar considered to be one of Seljukian administrators. However, he is known as Kütahya Conqueror by the town people. Apart from this small mosque, he is also known to be the constructor of Balıklı Mosque, which was restored during Germiyans and Ottoman Period and did not reflect its original version and two small mosques having not reached to our day and a water plant (sakahane). The building was constructed on a high rock known as Hıdırlık Hill on south of Kütahya. The structure starting with a “L” shaped ladder consists of an entrance section consisting of a pointed arch iwan-shaped opening with a dimension of 3,68 x 6,07 m in front and a square planned small mosque section with a dimension of 4,20 x 4,35 m. The building with whitewashed wall inside has a prismatic Turkish Triangle band dome with laid brick on the outer cover. The iwan-shaped entrance section of the structure in front remind of buildings with iwan-shrine plan feature. The bottom floor of these plan-type buildings is known to be used as shrine-tomb room and the upper floor as small mosque. However, Hıdırlık Masjid was constructed on a rocky place believed to be sacred in relation with “Hızır İlyas Cult”, and it has no place that can be defined as shrine or tomb room. Moreover, this entrance section in front of the structure is smaller and narrower in dimension from the small mosques exhibiting “final community room” application. Possibly, with this front room application, the place has an exceptional plan feature exhibiting a feature combining “final community room” and iwan-shrine. So, the building comprising both features in its body and has no alike in the period of construction may be accepted as a unique sample within Anatolian Seljukian architecture.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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