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Her edebi eser döneminin edebi dilini anlamak için çok değerli bir kaynaktır. Edebi dilin, devrin sosyal, siyasal ve kültürel anlayışına göre şekillenmesinden dolayı edebi eserler üzerinde yapılan tetkikler tüm bu alanlarla ilgili önemli çıkarımlar yapılmasını sağlar. Son 150 yılda Türk toplum hayatında büyük değişimler yaşanmıştır. Tanzimat Döneminde başlayan reformların önemli bir ayağı da dilde sadeleşmedir. Dilde sadeleşme hareketi neticesinde edebi dil, büyük oranda farklılaşmıştır. Osmanlı romancısının karşısında büyük sorunlar bulunuyordu. Yüzyıllardır şiir türü üzerine inşa edilmiş edebi dil, nesir yönünden gelişmemişti. Roman günlük hayatın dilini kullanmalıydı ama edebiyat için yetersiz görülüyordu, ağır Osmanlıcayı da halkın büyük bir kesiminin anlamadığı muhakkaktı. Geniş halk kitlelerine ulaşmak isteyen roman yazarı için, anlaşılmamak arzu edilen bir durum değildi. Aynı zamanda Tanzimat aydını olan romancıların halkı eğitme gibi bir misyonlarının olduğu hesaba katılırsa anlaşılmamanın ne kadar büyük bir sorun olduğu görülebilir. Dilde sadeleşme hareketinin en çok eleştiri aldığı konuların başında yabancı kökenli sözcüklerin Türkçe'den çıkarılması neticesinde edebi dilin fakirleşeceği iddiasıdır. Yüzyıllardır edebi dilde kullanılan hatta günlük dile yerleşmiş birçok sözcüğün atılması şüphesiz eksiklik yaratacaktır. Yeni kelimeler türeterek üstesinden gelinebilse de, yeni kelimelerin kolayca kabullenilmemesi, birebir eski sözcükle aynı anlamda olmaması, ya da kelimenin çok "yapay" olması sebebiyle bu durum, dikkate değer zorluklar barındırmaktadır. Ayrıca eski kelimenin yerine konulan bir çok kelime de anlaşılmamaktadır. Anlaşılmak, halkı eğitmek, kendine has bir edebi dil kurmak gayesinde olan roman, geçen yüzyılda büyük bir gelişme göstermiş ve bugün Türk Edebiyatının en çok ilgi çeken türü olmuştur. Bu çalışmada ilk polisiye romanla çağdaş bir polisiye roman karşılaştırılarak edebi dildeki 120 yıllık değişim analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
it is a very valuable resource to understand the literary language of each literary work period, due to the shaping of the literary language according to the social political and cultural understanding, the examinations on literary artifacts have been made significant interest in all these areas. in the last 150 years, the major change of the reforms started in the period of tanzimat was not seen in the fact that a large number of words in the language were significantly different in the language as a result of the simpleization movement of the literary language, and the literary language has not been determined by the fact that the change of a large language, but the literary language of a large literary language, which is not to be seen in the change in the literary language
Each literary work is a valuable resource to understand the literal language of theperiod. The literal language of the period has shaped by the social political and cultural understanding. The tests performed on the literary works provide important information on all these areas. Last 150 years Turkish society has experienced major changes. Language reform is the most important part of the Tanzimat reforms. As a result of the language reform, the literal language has been differed significantly. There were major problems against Ottoman novelist. Literary language that built on poetry for centuries had not been developed in terms of prose. Novel had to use usual language, but that language was in adequate and it was sure that people did not understand the high level of the Ottoman Turkish language. This was not a wanted circumstance for the novelist trying to reach more people. At the same time, considering that the Tanzimat intellectual novelists who have the mission of educating people it may be seen as a major problem of intelligibility. Main criticism of simplification of the language activity was the impoverishment of literary language via removing foreign origin words from Turkish. Removing many words that used in literary language and also in usual language for centuries creates a deficiency. Despite of deriving new words as covering, there are some significant difficulties such as acceptance of new words are not easy, literal sense is not the same as the old word or the new word is "artificial". A lot of words that put in place of the old word also has not been understood. The novel that in the purpose of being understand, educating society, establishing unique literary language, showed a great improvement in the last century and today is the most interested type of Turkish Literature. In this study the aim is to analyze the 120-year change in the literary language via comparison of the first detective novel and a modern detective novel. In this study it is attempted to analyze the language of the Tanzimat literature. Stories and novels for the first time have entered Turkish literature in Tanzimat period. It is important to know earlier period in order to understand the development of language of modern novels and stories. In this article first Turkish detective story "Esrar-ı Cinayat" by Ahmet Midhat Efendi -year 1884- has been compared with a modern detective story "Beyoğlu Rapsodisi" by Ahmet Ümit -year 2003-". Similar types of books have been selected to emphasize the changes in the vocabulary clearly. If it were analyzed for different species, depending on the change of subject, it would change the vocabulary. İstanbul is also the venue of both books. This situation increases the parallelism between these vocabularies. In this study, changes of Turkish language for 130 years have been studied by comparing the two books that have similar subjects and venues. The Turkish language has undergone major changes over the last 130 years. Language has been simplified by removing foreign words. The Ottoman Literature Language called "Osmanlıca" was an artificial language. This language consisted of Arabic, Persian and Turkish words. The large part of the public did not understand this language because of so much foreign words. Only the well-educated part of public could understand. Tanzimat literati has considered removing Arabic and Persian words from the language to reach the public. They had missions to educate the people, but the simplification of language was not easy. Turkish Language was not considered as a sufficient language for literature and also the literary Ottoman language was used for centuries. Language revolution is the most comprehensive simplification movement in Turkish.. Arabic and Persian words were removed from the language with the language revolution. Literary works have been started to written in the public language. Here in this study aimed to analyze that major difference between Tanzima
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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