Abstract:

In Turkish, new words are formed with structured affixes, word composition, and word repetition. Turkish is a agglutinative language, which means new words are mainly formed using derivational affixes. Deriving new words through joining noun or verb type roots and bodies, in order to meet new notions is a basic feature of Turkish. At the same time this basic feature is the most natural, frequent and vast way of new word acquisition. In Turkish in order to derive language correspondences of new entites and notions, denominative noun affixes, deverbal noun affixes, denominative verb affixes and deverbal verb affixes are used. We see denominative noun affix +gu/+gü and deverbal noun affix -gu/-gü with same sounds among these kind of derivational affix. Works had been done before about deverbal noun affix -gu, -gü and derivatives. These are named, Mecdut Mansuroğlu’s “Functions of -gu Affix in Turkish”, Mustafa S. Kaçalin and A. Azmi Bilgin’s “Upon +lağu, +legü Affix” and Kemal Eraslan’s “Denominative Verb Affix -gu/-gü in Historical Literary Language, -ku/-kü, Structure, Function, Usage and Extended Patterns”. In this study suffix of denominative noun +gu, +gü and its derivaties will be studied. Widely usage of the affix in historical eras of the Old Turkic and Middle Turkic works have decreased since Old Turkey Turkish. +gu, +gü affix and (+ku, +kü, +agu, +egü, +agun, +egün, +agut, +egüt, +a?u, +e?ü, +avu, +evü, +avut, +evüt, +av, +ev, +?gu, +?ku, +agı, +egi) derivations are rounded vowel in historical eras of Turkish. Unrounded vowel, +gı, +gi, +kı, +ki, +agı, +egi forms appeared in Turkey Turkish. The affix derives state and quality names (böngü “confused”, edgü “good, beautiful, earning”, esengü “robustness, health”, inçgü ~ inçkü “serenity, peace”, me?igü “happpiness”~ me?gü “eternal, perpetually; perpetuity”, oglagu “polite, gentle, noble”, tıla?u “one who speaks effectively and beautifiuly, good speaker”, zorgu “difficulty”); group number names (altagu “six of them”, altıgu “six of them”, ikegü “both”, ikigü “both”, törtegü “all four”, yetigü “every seven, seven of them”, yüzegü “hundreds of”); indefinite pronouns (alkugu “all, whole, everybody”, kamagun~ kamıgun “always, completely, all”, tüzügü “whole, always”, yomkıgu “whole, always”); equipment, belongings, tool, material or substance names (dışkı “stool, fertilizer”, fışkı “fresh manure of equine, fresh manure”, karagu “black paint called zaç”, kavagu “quickly drying flammable substance”, kavkı “shell”, kılagu “straight razor”, közgü~gözgü “mirror”, pürgü “headscarf”, torku~torgu “silk, pongee”, tuzgu~duzgu~tuşgu “ration; passengers gift”, ülgü “measure, scale”, yüzgü “mirror”); organ names related to human and animals (başgu “forehead with white patch”, eyegü “rib”, içegü “innards”); names related to nature, climate or environment (karagu “dark, no light”, kıragu “hoarfroast”); names announcing illness, deficieny and deficit (karagu “blind”, karağı “night blindness”, kekegü “stuttering”, tumagu~dumagu~dumagı~tumagı~dumağı “catarrh”); names indicating community, social stratum and relation (alpagut “valiant, warrior”, bayagut~bayakut~bayagu “wealthy, rich”); animal or animal related names (kelegü “jerboa, marsupial mouse”, yılkı “horse herd”); question names (negü “what, how, why”); names announcing likeness, similiarity and equality (azırgu “little”, bugragu “like male camel”); determination, discrimination, limitation expressing names (belgü “sign, footprint”, özgü “peculiar to itself, itself”); names announcing color (çilgü at “red horse”, karagu “black, dark”); names announcing place (kargu “hill”); game names (karagunı “a kind of game that is played by children at nightfall”). As a result, denominative noun +gu, +gü and its derivatives had been widely used in Old Turkic and Middle Turkic texts and dictionaries mainly in the form of rounded vowels, also voiceless consonant affixes existed, after the Old Turkic Turkish unrounded vowel forms of the affix

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