Özet:

In the Middle Ages the feudal system was dominated. The feudal system was based on agriculture. The rising middle classes in Europe destroyed the feodalism with the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution. In Europe, capitalism was established, a more efficient and rational system instead of feodalism. In this process, liberalism has become the fundamental modernization ideology of Western societies. For the liberation of the Ottoman State, it was accepted by all the Ottoman lights, as the European countries realized, the need for social change and the creation of a new society. However, after the First World War, the Ottoman State collapsed, the rule and defeat ended. It was the most effective element of the 20th century. Western communities were focusing on the economy. The elites of the newly established Republic of Turkey state also saw the way of civilization passed through industrialization. The elites that founded the Republic had realized that the basic and priority condition of economic development was the change of mindset. In this context, the study focuses on the cultural, economic and political relations in the Turkish society.

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