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Osmanlı ilmiye teşkilâtı, Osmanlı Devleti’nin kuruluşundan yıkılışına kadar varlığını sürdürmüş, başta eğitim-öğretim olmak üzere dinî hizmetlerin yanında müftü ve kâdî atamaları gibi tayin işlerinde teklif makamında olmuştur. Ayrıca yargı faaliyetini bilfiil yürüten makam olarak konumlanmış bazı önemli imtiyazlara sahip bir meslek grubudur. Osmanlı Devleti’nin duraklama dönemi ile beraber malî, idarî ve askerî teşkilâtında yaşadığı problemler ilmiye teşkilâtına da yansımış, bunun sonucunda da ilmiye teşkilâtının içerisinde bulunduğu hali eleştiren ve ıslah edilmesine dönük önerileri içeren bir dizi eser kaleme alınmıştır. Bu cümleden olarak Abdullah Ahdî de yazdığı eserinde ilmiye teşkilâtını ve döneminde yapılan bazı haksızlıkları eleştirmiştir. Ancak Abdullah Ahdî’nin bu eleştirilerini İbn Nüceym’in el-Eşbâh ve’n-Nezâ’ir adlı küllî kaidelere dair kitabının muhtasarı olarak hazırladığı fıkıh kitabında dile getirmesi dikkat çekicidir. Bu onun eserinin sıradan bir muhtasar olmaktan çıkmış ve idarenin yaptığı kayırmacılığın eleştirilmesi ve liyakatsiz atamaların doğru olmadığının belirtilmesinde olduğu gibi siyaset-nâme türü eserlerin konularına yer vermesi nedeniyle özgün bir eser hüviyetine bürünmüştür. Bu çalışmada Abdullah Ahdî’nin eserinin muhtevası genel olarak değerlendirilmekle birlikte ilmiye teşkilâtına dönük eleştirilerine odaklanılmış, dönemin ilmî ve siyasî panoramik durumu da özetlenerek onun dile getirdiği hususlarla döneminin özellikleri arasındaki ilişki ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
The Ottoman ulema organization continued until the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, in addition to religious services, especially in education, he has been assigned as mufti and female appointments. It is also a professional group with some important privileges, which are positioned as the authority to conduct judicial activity. The problems that the Ottoman Empire experienced in the financial, administrative and military organization as well as the period of pause were also reflected in the scientific organization, as a result, some works were written that criticized the status of the scientific organization and included suggestions for improvement. In his work, Abdullah Ahdi criticized the scientist organization and some of the injustices made during the period. However, it is noteworthy that Abdullah Ahdî wrote these criticisms in his book fiqh Ibn Nüceym's al-Ashbah and al-Nezair prepared as the subject of his book on general principles. This caused his work to be no longer an ordinary sketch and a unique character. In this study, although the content of Abdullah Ahdi's book will be evaluated in general, the scientific and political panorama of the period will be summarized, it will be tried to reveal the relationship between the issues of him and the features of the period.
The Ottoman ulema organization continued until the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, in addition to religious services, especially in education, he has been assigned as mufti and kadı appointments. It is also a professional group with some important privileges, which are positioned as the authority to conduct judicial activity. The problems that the Ottoman Empire experienced in the financial, administrative and military organization as well as the period of pause were also reflected in the ilmiye organization, as a result, some works were written that criticized the status of the ilmiye organization and included suggestions for improvement. In his work, Abdullah Ahdi criticized the ilmiye organization and some of the injustices made during the period. However, it is noteworthy that Abdullah Ahdî wrote these criticisms in his book fiqh Ibn Nüceym’s al-Ashbah and al-Nezair prepared as the subject of his book on general principles. This caused his work to be no longer an ordinary sketch and a unique character. In this study, although the content of Abdullah Ahdi’s book will be evaluated in general, the scientific and political panorama of the period will be summarized, it will be tried to reveal the relationship between the issues of him and the features of the period.
Field : İlahiyat
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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