Abstract:

problematic in the Classical Turkic literature which had developed in the East (Turkestan) and in the West (Anatolia). At first view the problem seems to generate from Persian, which has a similar structure and is the influence over both Turkic literatures. However, the fact that the most productive form of the copula is based on the aorist of the verb tur- `to stand`, which used to be a free morpheme in the past and the use of a similar morpheme in Kazakh Turkic display that the problem arises from the internal development of Turkic. turur, which initially was a free morpheme has become a bound morpheme in the course of time. As it I known the arbitrariness caused by meter and rhyme in poetry has introduced deviations in Turkic syntax. These two characteristics i.e. transformation of the copula from a free morpheme to a bound morpheme and the characteristics of poetical language, have entailed a problematic use in classical Turkic poetical language.  

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