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Abstract: The aim of this article is to provide information about the physical and the geographical condition of pre-Islamic Madina which includes material on the Jewish and the Arabian tribes that resided in the city. In historical resources there are various reports regarding the first settlers and data about the first time they established themselves in Madina, which at that time was called Yathrib. Furthermore, this study will also demonstrate the settlement of Madina during the time of Prophet Muhammad’s hijrah to Madina. The study will attempt to give detailed information about the people that were known to have lived in the city of Madina at that time. These people were mostly part of tribes such as the Jewish tribes of Banū Qaynuqāʿ, Banū Nadīr, and Banū Qurayza as well as the Arabian tribes such as Aws and Khazraj

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