Özet:

The peace treaties signed after the First World War remained insufficient to ensure a permanent peace environment. The peace treaties have prepared the ground for the new pursuit of states that are unable to obtain their desired influence. A new group of states formed by those who want the revision of the order in the face of the states seeking to preserve the existing order has led to the formation of a two-pole site. In 1922, as the National Faşist Party came to power under Benito Mussolini's leadership, the Italian foreign policy took an aggressive attitude within the framework of Italian fascist policy. This situation is linked to the injustice of the order brought by the First World War. Italy under Mussolini demonstrated unhappiness and unhappiness that dominated Italy as an excuse for its policy of expanding its influence in the Mediterranean, which it could not at the end of the war. Thus, after 1934 he put his aggressive policy into practice, especially in the Mediterranean. Musollini from the Mediterranean, referring to "Our Sea", has also defined its foreign policy strategy by following aggressive nationalism. Mussolini’s policy of expanding the scope of influence has pushed the Balkans to seek new alliances. Mussolini's policy has primarily troubled the Balkans, including Greece, Yugoslavia and Turkey. After the First World War, the Balkans, which entered into an effort to ensure a peaceful environment in their regions, tried to prevent interference in their borders by bilateral treaties and regional allies, and opposed Mussolini's spread policy in the Mediterranean. In particular, Turkey and Greece have called the Mediterranean peace a European peace. Italy was a danger to all the Mediterranean states and all the Balkans should unite against Italy’s aggressive attitude. The main alliance between the Balkans was the establishment of the Balkan Union. In fact, after Musollini declared that he "thinks of determining the world order" the threatening statements against the Mediterranean states were the opportunity to begin the work towards the establishment of the Balkan Pact by bringing the Balkans into action. Since the Mediterranean policy of Italy has disturbed other European states, in the beginning, France has made statements that supports the union by opposing Italy’s spreading attitude. In this study, Mussolini’s leadership is aimed at examining the reactions of the Balkans to the Mediterranean policy of Italy and the approach of the European states to this policy using archive documents and inspection works.

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