Özet:

Transportation is one of the most important parameters affecting the economic development of countries all over the world. Maritime transportation is the most preferred and most economical transportation system among the all of the transportation modes due to its large scale transportation capacity and lower unit cost of carriage. Maritime transportation which was introduced with steamships nearly a century ago has showed a very rapid development with the construction of the huge ships as super tankers. Ports which adapted to those changes showed major developments. In this study, a literature survey on the new approaches, models, techniques, methods and technologies used for port design, planning and modeling was carried out. The results of the literature survey showed that researchers used various mathematical models and simulation methods

Anahtar Kelimeler: