Abstract:

This study argues that the Republic of Turkey preserved the traditional socio-economic structure of the Ottomans until 1980's. Despite various superficial changes that took place inevitably meanwhile, the traditional structure retained its equalitarian and cohesive elements in essence. Starting from 1980's, several important shifts in the State policies, combined with various changes in the national and global circumstances made possible the transition from a classless and equalitarian structure to a western type, hierarchical class society. As the wealth accumulated in the hands of certain groups, and as the poverty aggravated, the ground for equality deteriorated. This has lead to an inevitable change in the social dynamics and the ways that people built relationships. The holistic organizational forms like the Ahi order of the past (Turkish-Islamic guild)(and the social dialog which can be considered as its continuation)failed to meet all the requirements of this new situation. It is highly possible that new approaches and ways of struggle have been involved in this process, as majority of Turkish people have been going through a process of impoverishment, not only in material but also socio-cultural and spiritual capitals. For Turkish people who were accustomed to build their social capital on an equalitarian ground, such kind of value impoverishment is unacceptable: It is vitally important to prepare a comprehensive struggle to regain the humanitarian, socio-cultural and spiritual values like honor and pride that we are used to have and share.

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