Abstract:

Following the Crimean War of 1853-56 and the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78, approximately 3 million people migrated from the Crimean peninsula and the Caucasia to the Ottoman lands. Ottoman State (Empire) settled some of these immigrants in new settlements while settling some others step by step in existing settlements. Immigrations caused rather heavy financial burden on the Ottoman State. Especially those who migrated during the war came to the Ottoman lands with no property at all. Those who came to Anatolia could not find exactly what they expected. Aid provided for immigrants and lands assigned to them sometimes fell short. Due to unfulfilled expectations or inefficient conditions some immigrants went to other estates while some returned to their homelands. In the Ottoman Empire, more or less some immigrants were settled almost in each region. During the above mentioned period, about 20.000 immigrants were settled in Saruhan sandjak in Manisa vilayat. Immigrations caused important changes in population. Tatar, Caucasians and Chechens were the most crowded groups among all immigrants

Keywords: