Abstract:

One of the most important energy source is coal mine in the world. While using the heating coal before then lighting is used to generate steam with the invention of the steam engine. Struggle to reach the coal mine has started among the European countries with industrialization. In the time that followed, the developed countries have invested in more underground mine in the underdeveloped and developing countries. Essentially wealth of the country is measured by the value of the underground mine. Therefore intensive flow of foreign capital to countries where underground mining has been mostly in the form of lending. The acquisition of property by foreigners in the Ottoman Empire and mining is not legally possible. After the Ottoman Empire Free Trade Agreement signed between England and in 1838 obtained the right to acquire property in British companies of the country.[1] The regulations related to the operation of mines by foreign companies run by foreign firms of the way to making coal mines were opened after the Reforms of Tanzimat. Coal mines began to be operated by foreign companies. However, it meets the need of importing coal from foreign companies Ottoman Tanzimat and Constitutional periods did not want to lose this market. Foreign companies to benefit from the economic situation in the country they wish to receive the franchise business of asking coal mines. In this process benefited from the economic situation in the country, the French and Italians have established small businesses in an edict coal.[2] This article describes the process of operation of coal mines in the Ottoman Empire, legal regulations, the struggle taking place among foreign companies with Ottoman Empire in World War I. The strategic importance of coal mines were examined. [1]Muhammed Akdiş, Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de Yabancı Sermaye Yatırımları ve Beklentiler, YASED Yyaın No:33,İstanbul 1988,s.67; Tuncay Hacaloğlu, Yabancı Sermaye ve Türkiye’de Yabancı Sermaye Uygulaması, T.C. Başbakanlık DPT Teşvik ve Uygulama Başkanlığı Yayını, Ankara 1983,s.3.

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