Özet:

The word meanings of fiqh are to cognize, to be acquainted with, to be wise to, and to realize. If Allah desires one's goodness, makes him a scribe on religious principles. Allah makes this person tactful on religious principles and well-informed about knowing and living the religion. Within this scope, Imam Azam Ebu Hanife decscribes fiqh as "one's consciousness of the beneficial and unfavourable religious principles". Science of fiqh is not only related to the man's worship applied with his external organs in his life, transactions principles and all other study fields but also it is related to these provision's meanings. It is possible to practise both with wording and considering the meanings. For instance, while the worships are carried out certain conditions, it is a worship that is far from the esoteric subjects and it is an affinity, submission to God, intention, taqwa,worship approved and retained from evil. As two participants of the same historical process fiqh and Islamic Sufism reunited the exterior and the esoteric, and have served as a good model for many successes. Just like the exterior fiqh scholar's subtracting fiqh judgements from the Shari'a evidences, esoteric scholars ,who are sufis, have also revealed the esoteric fiqh principles. The integration of the exterior and esoteric fiqh is only possible with learning and practising both of them in daily life together.As it is impossible to reach an esoteric provision without knowing a fiqh provision which is a subject of the exterior, it is also impossible to make the esoteric a lifestyle without interiorising. Concordantly, Ahmed Ziyaûddin Gümüşhanevi lived between 1813 and 1893, unified the exterior figh with the esoteric fiqh via his works and his fiqh knowledge, and became a spiritual personality. Throughout his nearly seventy years life, Ahmed Ziyaûddin Gümüşhanevi complied with Allah's due and rightful dues vitally, tried to live the Shari'a of Islam with fiqh and became a role model for the next generations. In this article, the historical process of exterior and esoteric fiqh will be mentioned and it will be tried to explain with sample cases from the life of Ahmed Ziyauddin Gümüşhanevi who is a concrete unifying sample of this process.

Anahtar Kelimeler: