Abstract:

Mu’tazila, a founding school of Islamic thought, has frequently spoken in every period by its distinctive kalam system, rationalist, libertarian and inquisitive religious discourse and the original language it uses. Mu’tazila, that systematically revealed the belief field for the first time, declared the belief system in five essentials. These principles, known as Usul-i hamse, are almost identical to Mu’tazila. Usûl-i hamse are the main points that Mu’tazila differentiates from the Ahl as-Sunnah in terms of religious interpretation. These principles are not merely principles of religious justification and content. On the contrary, these principles, which have emerged under a number of socio-political factors, also have a number of political aspects. Knowing the background of these essentials can lead to better understanding of the form of Mu’tazilite thought. For this reason, our article is based on a thorough analysis of these five essentials. In the study, the religious discourse of Mu’tazila was analyzed along with the content and background of the five essentials. Thus, this article is the product of an effort to take a closer look at religious discourse which is not distant to political context and is woven with reason, philosophy and justice.

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