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52
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12
Kıbrıs Adası’nda ilk insan aktivitesi ve faaliyetine ait en erken kanıt Ada’nın güney kıyısında Akrotiri (Ağrotur) Yarımadası’nın epey ucunda bulunan bir yerleşim yerinden gelmiştir. Prehistorya kayıtları, Ada’da ilk insan izlerinin M.Ö.10.000-9.500 yıllarında görülmeye başladığını bilimsel olarak ortaya koymuştur. Bu tarih, Doğu Akdeniz’de Notufiyan (Nautifian) dönem ile çağdaştır. İlk insanlarla birlikte tarihöncesi çağlar içinde Güneydoğu Anadolu, Irak ve Suriye’nin kuzeyi ve Akdeniz’in doğu kıyılarından akıp gelen gruplar Ada’da yaşamaya ve Ada’yı iskan etmeye başladılar. Ada’nın kültürel orijini böylece kendi içinde kayıtlı olmayıp özel bir evrimsel gelişimle ortaya çıkmamış, bunun yerine harici neolitik gruplar tarafından Ada’ya peyderpey taşınmıştır. Ada’ya akıp gelen bu kolonist gruplar beraberlerinde gelişmiş bir kültürde getirdiler.Tarımsal -ekonomik faaliyetleri, mimari form ve teknikleri anavatanlarıyla (Anadolu, Suriye, Filistin) bağıntı ve benzeşim içindeydi ve anavatanlarındaki kültürel değişimler göreli olarak Ada’ya yansıtılıyordu.Yani Ada’daki sosyal-ekonomik-kültürel oluşumların temel atıf grubu, Anadolu ve Levant diyebileceğimiz Doğu Akdeniz’dir. Mesela Ada’da, Anadolu menşeili olan tarihöncesinin önemli bir ekonomik metası obsidyene kolayca rastlanabilir ve bunun mimari formları Yakındoğu’da bulunan Tell Halaf, Byblos, Tepe Gawra, Jericho, Arpachiyah gibi yerleşim yerlerinin mimarisiyle mukayese edilebilir. Doğu kültürel referans alanıyla Ada’nın bu etkileşim süreci uzun tarihöncesi dönemler boyunca, Mykenlerin tarih sahnesine çıkışına kadar, devam etti. Mykenler (Akhalar), Geç Bronz Dönemi’nde (M.Ö. 1600-1050) kolonizasyon programı çerçevesinde Kıbrıs’a sızmaya başladılar. Kültürel ve politik üstünlüğü elde ettikten sonra, hem Ada’nın nesnel kültürünü değişime uğratıp helenizasyon faaliyetlerini başlattılar hem de Kıbrıs’ın etnik yapısına katkıda bulundular. Bu çalışmamız, önceleri Doğu jeokültürel plakası etkisinde bulunan adanın, Myken kolonizasyonu bağlamında başka bir jeokültürel plakanın (Batı) etkisine girmeye başlaması tarihsel olgusuna ışık tutmaya çalışacaktır.
The first human activity and activity on the Cyprus Island is proven from a settlement located at the very end of the Akrotiri (Ağrotur) Peninsula on the southern coast of the island. Prehistoric records have scientifically revealed that the first human traces began to be seen on the island in the years 10,000–9,500 BC. This date is contemporary with the period of Notufiyan (Nautifian) in the Eastern Mediterranean. Together with the first people, during prehistoric ages, the groups flowing from the northern and eastern coast of Southeast Anatolia, Iraq and Syria and the Mediterranean began to live on the Island and rescue the island. The cultural origin of the island is not so registered in itself and has not emerged with a particular evolutionary development, instead it has been moved to the island by external neolithic groups. These colonial groups flowing to the island brought them together in a developed culture.The agricultural-economic activities, architectural forms and techniques were connected and similar to their hometown (Anadolu, Syria, Palestine) and cultural changes in their hometown were reflected relatively to the island. For example, on the island, an important economic object of the prehistoric origin of Anatolia can be easily found in obsidyene and its architectural forms can be compared with the architecture of settlements such as Tell Halaf, Byblos, Tepe Gawra, Jericho, Arpachiyah located in the East. This process of interaction with the Eastern cultural reference area of the island continued throughout long prehistoric periods, until the outcome of the Mykenes to the historical stage. Mykenler (Akhalar), in the late Bronze Period (Mr. 1600-1050 they began to penetrate Cyprus in the framework of the colonization program. After achieving cultural and political superiority, they both changed the island’s objective culture and started herenization activities and contributed to the ethnic structure of Cyprus. This study will try to keep light on the historical fact that the island, which was first influenced by the Eastern Geocultural Plateau, began to be influenced by another Geocultural Plateau (West) in the context of Myken colonization.
The earliest evidence regarding first human activities in the island of Cyprus came from a residential place located at the far end of Akrotiri (Ağrotur) peninsula, at the southern shores of the island. Pre-historical records revealed that first human traces on the island dated back to 10.000-9.500 BC. This period is contemporary to the Natufian period in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Together with the earliest people, groups flowing through the Southeastern Anatolia, North of Iraq and Syria, and the Eastern shores of Mediterranean began living in and settle down on the island. Thus, cultural origin of the island did not emerge via an intrinsic evolution; rather, it was gradually carried to the island via extrinsic Neolithic groups. These colonizer groups also brought an advanced culture. Agricultural and economic activities, as well as architectural forms and techniques were in similitude with those of their motherland (Anatolia, Syria, Palestine); moreover, cultural changes in the motherland were reflected to the island gradually. In other words, main reference group of social-economic-cultural formations was the Eastern Mediterranean, which could be specified as Anatolia and Levant. For example, it is easy to find obsidian on the island, which was an important commercial material originated in Anatolia, and architectural forms were compared to those of the Near East, like Tell Halaf, Byblos, Tepe Gawra, Jericho, Arpachiyah. Throughout the long pre-historical times, the island’s interaction period with the Eastern cultural referential premise continued until the emergence of Mycenaeans in history. Mycenaeans (Achaeans) began to leak into the island of Cyprus in Late Bronze Age (1600-1050 BC) within the framework of colonization. After obtaining cultural and political domination of the island, they started Hellenization activities by changing the native culture, and contributed to the ethnic structure of Cyprus. This work aims at shedding light to the historical fact that the island, then under the influence of the Eastern geocultural zone, began to be influenced by another geocultural zone (West) through Mycenaean colonization.
Alan : Filoloji
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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