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Mümkün Âlemlerin En Mükemmeli ve Semhûdî'nin Gazzâlî Savunması
2019
Journal:  
BEÜ İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

Gazzâlî’nin, “mevcut evrenden daha mükemmelini yaratmak imkân dâhilinde değildir” şeklinde ifade ettiği âlemin mükemmelliği ile ilgili düşüncesi, kendisi henüz hayattayken büyük tartışmaların ortaya çıkmasına sebep olmuştur. Gazzâlî ile bu konuda aynı görüşleri paylaşan Semhûdî de onu takip ederek, içerisinde belli bir amaca yönelik kötülükler ve iyilikleri aynı anda barındıran bu âlemin, mümkün âlemler içerisinden seçilen en mükemmel âlem olduğu görüşünü savunur. Ona göre âlemin en mükemmel şekilde yaratılması, Allah’ın hür seçiminin ve mutlak iradesinin bir sonucu olarak ve hikmetinin gerektirdiği en mükemmel oluş şeklinde tezahür eder. Allah’ın hikmeti iradesi ve kudretinin sınırsız olanı sınırlı yapabileceğini söyleyen Semhûdî, Allah için her zaman daha mükemmelini yaratmanın imkân dahilinde olmasına rağmen bir fert için en mükemmellik vasfının seçilmesi, seçilenin o an için en mükemmel olduğu ve onun Allah tarafından sınırlandırıldığı anlamına geldiğini savunur. Aynı zamanda âlemin, aklın algıladığı itibarî kavram olan en mükemmellik ile vasıflanması, onun bu özelliğinin tüm zamanlar için sabit kalarak değişmez olduğu anlamına gelmemekte, mükemmel olarak var olan her şey, ilâhî hikmet böyle gerektirdiği için kendi zamanına göre en harika olarak yaratılmaktadır. Sonuç olarak içinde bulunduğumuz âlemin imkân dahilinde en mükemmel olması tartışılmaz bir gerçektir. Bu çalışmadaki ana kaygımız, Gazzâlî’nin, tartışmalara vesile olan âlemin mükemmelliğine dair temel düşüncesi üzerine İbnü’l-Müneyyir’in ileri sürdüğü eleştirileri ve bu eleştirilere Semhûdî’nin verdiği cevapları ana hatlarıyla ortaya koymaktır. 

Keywords:

The best and best of all, the best of all, the best of all, the best of all.
2019
Author:  
Abstract:

Ghazzali's thought about the perfection of the world which we can express it as "it is impossible to create more perfect than the current world", caused great disputes while he was still alive. Samhûdi, who shared the same views with Ghazzālî on this subject, following him, defends the thesis that the existing world which contains good and evil for a certain purpose at the same time is the best of all possible. According to him, the most perfect creation of the world is the result of God's wisdom, free choice and absolute will. Samhudi, who said that God's will, power and divine wisdom is capable of making the limited unlimited, also defends the view that God's choice of excellence for an individual means that it is perfect for that very moment and it is restricted by God, although it is always possible for God to create more perfect. At the same time, describing the world with the perceptual most excellent concept does not necessarily mean that it is invariable for all times and everything that exists perfectly is created to be the greatest in its own time, as divine wisdom requires it. As a result, it is an indisputable fact that the world we are in is the best of all possible. The main purpose of this article is to outline the criticisms of Ibn al-Munayyir on Ghazzali’s controversial thought about the perfection of the world and Samhûdî’s defense against these criticisms.

Keywords:

The Best Of All Possible Worlds and Samhûdî’s Defense Of Ghazzālî
2019
Author:  
Abstract:

Ghazzāli’s thought about the perfection of the world which we can express it as "it is impossible to create more perfect than the current world”, caused great disputes while he was still alive. Samhûdi, who shared the same views with Ghazzālî on this subject, following him, defends the thesis that the existing world which contains good and evil for a certain purpose at the same time is the best of all possible. According to him, the most perfect creation of the world is the result of God's wisdom, free choice and absolute will. Samhudi, who said that God's will, power and the divine wisdom is capable of making the limited unlimited, also defends the view that God's choice of excellence for an individual means that it is perfect for that very moment and it is restricted by God, although it is always possible for God to create more perfect. At the same time, describing the world with the perceptual most excellent concept does not necessarily mean that it is invariable for all times and everything that exists perfectly is created to be the greatest in its own time, as divine wisdom requires it. As a result, it is an indisputable fact that the world we are in is the best of all possible. Main purpose in this article is to outline the criticisms of Ibn al-Munayyir on Ghazzāli’s controversial thought about the perfection of the world and Samhûdî’s defense against these criticisms.

Keywords:

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BEÜ İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi

Journal Type :   Ulusal

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Article : 208
Cite : 375
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BEÜ İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi