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Hz. Peygamber hayattayken sahabe dinî konulardaki aklına takılan sorularına cevap bulmakta zorlanmamaktaydı. Dinî konularda Hz. Peygamber’e arz etme imkânı bulamadıkları soruları kendi ictihadlarına göre de çözüme kavuşturdukları bilinmektedir. Bu durum genelde Hz. Peygamber’in takririnden geçen, onayladığı hususlar olarak göze çarpmaktadır. Daha sonraki dönemlerde sahabenin Hz. Peygamber hayattayken ictihadda bulunup bulunmadığı konusu tartışılsa da sahabe ictihadlarına bu dönemde nadiren de olsa rastlanmaktadır. Hz. Peygamberin vefatından sonra İslam devletinin sınırlarının genişlemesiyle birlikte, İslam’a dâhil olan yeni halkların soru ve sorunlarına cevap ve çözüm sadedinde Kitap ve sünnetten hüküm çıkarma ameliyesi ivme kazanmıştır. Bu da sahabe tefsirinde çeşitli yönelimlere zemin hazırlamıştır. Sahabe, Kur’ân’ı tefsir ederken genelde fıkhi ve luğavi olmak üzere iki yönelime sahip olmuştur. Fıkhi yönelim fıkhi tefsirin ayrıca İslam hukukunun usul ve füruunun temelini oluşturmaktadır. Luğavi yönelim ise Kur’ân’ın daha doğru anlaşılmasını sağlayacak dilsel verileri içermekte, nüzûl dönemindeki filolojik bağlamın anlaşılmasına katkı sunmaktadır. Bu yönelimleri, sahabi tefsirinin başat özellikleri olarak görmek mümkündür. Bu makalede sahabenin tefsirdeki fıkhi yönelimi üzerinde durulacaktır.
When the Prophet was alive, Sahabah had no difficulty finding answers to his questions on religious issues. It is known that they solved the answers they could not find on religious issues according to their own Ijtihad. This situation usually it stands out as the points that the Prophet approves of, which are passed on in his account. In later periods, the subject of Ijtihad was discussed while the Prophet was Alive, the Ijtihad of the Sahabah was rarely encountered during this period. With the expansion of the borders of the Islamic State with the death of the Prophet, the task of extracting judgment from the book and the Sunnah in order to answer and solve the questions and problems of the new peoples who are included in Islam has gained momentum. This provided the basis for various orientations in the commentary of the Sahabah. He had two tendencies when interpreting the Qur’an. These can be classified as fiqh and linguistic (lughavi) tendency. Fiqh tendency is the basis of the procedure and furu of fiqh Tafsir and Islamic law. Linguistic tendency, on the other hand, contains linguistic data that will provide a more accurate understanding of the Qur’an and contribute to the understanding of the Qur’an. It is possible to see these trends as the main characteristics of Sahabi exegesis. This article will focus on the Fiqh (Islamic Law) Tendency of the Sahabah.
When the Prophet was alive, Sahabah had no difficulty finding answers to his questions on religious issues. It is known that they solved the answers they could not find on religious issues according to their own Ijtihad. This situation usually it stands out as the points which the Prophet approves of, which are passed on in his account. In later periods, the subject of Ijtihad was discussed while the Prophet was Alîve, the Ijtihad of the sahabah was rarely encountered during this period. With the expansion of the borders of the Islamic State with the death of the Prophet, the task of extracting judgment from the book and the Sunnah in order to answer and solve the questions and problems of the new peoples who are included in Islam has gained momentum. This provided the basis for various orientations in the commentary of the Sahabah. Sahabah had two tendency when interpreting the Qur'an. These can be classified as fiqh and linguistic (lughavi) tendency. Fiqh tendency is the basis of the procedure and furu of fiqh Tafsir and Islamic law. Linguistic tendency, on the other hand, contains linguistic data that will provide a more accurate understanding of the Qur'an and contributes to the understanding of the Qur'an. It is possible to see these tendencies as the main characteristics of sahabi exegesis. This article will focus on the Fiqh (Islamic Law) Tendency of the sahabah.
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Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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