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Bu çalışmada Özbekistan’ın bağımsızlık sonrasında kurmaya giriştiği tarih anlayışı ve millî ideoloji üstünde durulacaktır. Bağımsız Özbekistan’ın kuruluş dönemi olarak adlandırılabilecek Kerimov yılları Özbekistan’ın meşruiyetini tarihten alan millî ideolojisinin şekillendiği dönemdir ve bugün bu temel üstünden devam edilmektedir. Özbekistan’ın toplumsal zihniyetinin ve reflekslerinin kavranması için Kerimov döneminde tarih yardımıyla oluşan millî kimliğin anlaşılması gereklidir. Özbekistan’da tarihçilik yaklaşımının en temel unsurlarından biri teritoryal (toprak) tarih anlayışıdır. Burada SSCB döneminde başlayan bu yaklaşımın süreklilik kazanmasında Özbekistan’ın kuruluş yıllarında karşılaştığı sorunların da etkisi olduğu iddia edilmektedir. Bu nedenle çalışmada Kerimov’un kendi değerlendirmelerine dayanarak, Özbekistan’ın bağımsızlık sonrasında karşılaştığı sorunlar ve bunlara çözüm olarak ortaya koyduğu devlet milliyetçiliği, tarih ile bağı çerçevesinde incelenecektir. Söz konusu teritoryal tarih anlayışının Özbekistan’daki tarihyazımına etkisini örneklemek için tarihteki Özbeklerin günümüz Özbekistan’ına göçlerinin ve göç öncesinde bölgede hâkimiyet kuran Emir Timur’un günümüzde nasıl ele alındığı gösterilecektir. Teritoryal tarihyazımı, tarihin başlangıcından günümüze Özbekistan sınırları içinde yaşanmış olanları Özbekistan tarihinin parçası kabul ettiğinden, bugün Özbekistan kültürü Türk ve Fars kültürünün bileşimi, Emir Timur ve Timurîler devrinin altın çağ olarak benimsendiği, 16. yüzyıl başında Özbekistan’a göç eden Özbekler ve geçmişlerinin ise önemsiz kabul edildiği bir yaklaşıma sahiptir. Bunun önümüzdeki yıllarda da bu şekilde devam etmesi beklenebilir.
This study will focus on the understanding of history and national ideology that Uzbekistan began to establish after independence. The Kerimov years, which can be called the establishment period of Independent Uzbekistan, are the period in which the national ideology of the legitimacy of Uzbekistan has been formed from history, and today it is continued on this basis. To understand the social mentality and reflections of Uzbekistan, it is necessary to understand the national identity formed with the help of history in the Kerimov period. One of the basic elements of the historical approach in Uzbekistan is the territorial (territorial) history concept. This approach, which began in the period of the Soviet Union, is also claimed to have an impact on the problems that Uzbekistan faced in the years of its establishment. Therefore, on the basis of Kerimov’s own assessments, the problems that Uzbekistan faces after independence and the state nationalism that it exposes as a solution to them will be examined in the framework of history and connection. To illustrate the impact of the territorial history concept on the history of Uzbekistan, we will show how the Uzbek people in history have migrated to today’s Uzbekistan and how the Emir Timur, which established sovereignty in the region before the migration, is addressed today. Since the territory history, from the beginning of history to the present day, considers what has happened within the borders of Uzbekistan as part of Uzbekistan history, today Uzbekistan culture is the composition of Turkish and Persian culture, where the Emir East and East Revolution is accepted as the golden age, 16. The Uzbek people who migrated to Uzbekistan at the beginning of the century and their past have an approach that is considered irrelevant. It is expected that this will continue in the coming years.
This article is about the effort of Uzbekistan in forming an understanding of history and national ideology after the independence. The Karimov era can be categorized as the foundational period of independent Uzbekistan, when the national ideology was shaped through legitimization in history, and it also continues on this very foundation. In order to comprehend Uzbekistan’s social mentality and reflexes, the national identity established during the Karimov era with the support of history needs to be understood. One of the most significant subjects of Uzbekistan’s approach in history is the territorial understanding of history. Here, it is stated that one of reasons of the continuity of this understanding from the Soviet period is related with the problems Uzbekistan has faced in its foundation years. Thus, in this study the problems faced by Uzbekistan in its foundation years and solutions will be summarized, as they were represented by Islam Karimov himself in his sort of state nationalism and with references to history. For the purpose of illustrating the effect of the chosen territorial understanding of history onto the historiography in Uzbekistan, it will be exemplified, how the migration of historical Uzbeks to recent Uzbekistan, and the rule of Amir Timur – before the migration of Uzbeks – are being retold in recent Uzbekistan. Because the territorial historiography accepts everything from the dawn of history to contemporary times within the boundaries of Uzbekistan as part of its history, the main practice today is for example evaluating the culture of Uzbekistan as an amalgamation of Persian and Turkic cultures and the era of Amir Timur and Timurids as the golden age but not referring to the migration of historical Uzbeks and their part within historiography. It can be expected that this acceptance will continue in the future.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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