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Marmara Gölü Ege Bölgesinde, Gediz Havzası içerisinde bulunan ilk aşamada doğal, ancak sonraki dönemlerde seddelenmesi suretiyle tarımsal rezervuar niteliği kazanan bir göldür. Göl, 2002 yılında sulak alan kategorisinde yer almış, 2017 yılında Ulusal Öneme Haiz Sulak Alan olarak tescillenmiştir. Gölde 26 alg türü, 6 zooplankton türü, 11 balık türü, 33 iki yaşamlı türü, 162 kuş türü, 32 memeli türü ve 355 bitki türü tespit edilmiştir. Bunların yanında göl, yaklaşık 2700 kişiye tarım ve balıkçılık alanında kaynak oluşturmaktadır. Ancak son birkaç yıldır ülkemizdeki diğer sulak alanlar gibi Marmara Gölü de kuruyarak küçülmeye başlamıştır. 2011-2018 yılları arasında göl alanında %38 oranda (2116 ha) bir küçülme gözlenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada göl alanındaki çekilme sebepleri, kamu kurum ve kuruluşlarınca yapılan resmi çalışma ve ölçümler ışığında doğal ve beşeri faktörler olarak iki kısımda incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Marmara Gölünün kurumasındaki doğal faktörlerin iklim değişikliklerine dayandığı, beşeri faktörlerin ise yanlış/eksik su yönetim politikaları ve Gördes Barajı temelli havzalar arası su transferi projesine dayandığı tespit edilmiştir.
Marmara Lake is located in the Gediz Basin in the Aegean Region. The lake was originally an alluvial lake, and later became an agricultural reservoir by building a barrier. The lake gained wetland status in 2002 and was registered as a National Wetland in 2017. 26 algae species, 6 zooplankton species, 11 fish species, 33 biodiversity species, 162 bird species, 32 mammal species and 355 plant species were identified in the lake. In addition, the lake provides resources for approximately 2700 people in agriculture and fishing. However, in the last few years, like other wetlands in our country, Marmara Lake has started to shrink by drying. Between 2011 and 2018, a decrease of 38% (2116 ha) was observed in the lake area. In this study, the reasons of withdrawal in the lake area are examined in two parts as natural and human factors in the light of official studies and measurements made by public institutions and organizations. As a result of the study, it was determined that the natural factors in the drying of the Marmara Lake are based on climate changes and human factors are based on the wrong / incomplete water management policies and Gördes Dam based basin water transfer project.
Marmara Lake is located in the Gediz Basin in the Aegean Region. The lake was originally an alluvial lake, and later became an agricultural reservoir by build a barrier. The lake gained wetland status in 2002 and was registered as a National Wetland in 2017. 26 algae species, 6 zooplankton species, 11 fish species, 33 biodiversity species, 162 bird species, 32 mammal species and 355 plant species were identified in the lake. In addition, the lake provides resources for approximately 2700 people in agriculture and fishing. However, in the last few years, like other wetlands in our country, Marmara Lake has started to shrink by drying. Between 2011 and 2018, a decrease of 38% (2116 ha) was observed in the lake area. In this study, the reasons of withdrawal in the lake area are examined in two parts as natural and human factors in the light of official studies and measurements made by public institutions and organizations. As a result of the study, it was determined that the natural factors in the drying of the Marmara Lake are based on climate changes and human factors are based on the wrong / incomplete water management policies and Gördes Dam based basin water transfer project.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Ziraat, Orman ve Su Ürünleri
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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