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Bu çalışmanın amacı televizyon kanallarının izlenme oranı (rating) yarışının haberlerin sunum şekillerinden biri olarak kam spiker tercihlerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Çalışma, izlenme oranı baskısının televizyon haber editörlerini daha sansasyonel bir tarza sevk edip etmediğini, sevk ediyorsa bunun derecesini ortaya çıkarmak bakımından önem taşımaktadır. TV haberciliği literatüründe kam spiker’ler üç türde sınıflandırılabilir: doğrudan ve sert girişli kam spiker (hard lead), dolaylı girişli ve merak uyandıran kam spiker (soft lead), çarpıcı bir alıntıyla başlayan kam spiker (quote lead). Bu kam spikerlerden hangisinin ne oranda kullanılacağına ilişkin editoryal karar alırken çeşitli kriterler göz önünde tutulur: kanalın türü, yayın kuşağının türü, haberin türü. Çalışmada Türkiye’de genel TV kanalları ile tematik haber kanalları arasında kam spiker türü tercihi ve kullanım ağırlığı karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmektedir. Genel TV kanalları olarak Show, Star ve ATV haber kanalları olarak da NTV, Haber Global ve HaberTürk’ün ana haber bültenlerinin içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Görece daha yoğun “izlenme oranı baskısı” altında çalışan genel kanalların ana haber bültenlerinde, tematik haber kanallarının ana haber bültenlerine göre ‘dolaylı ve merak uyandıran kam spiker’lerin daha fazla tercih edilmesi beklenebilir. Çalışmanın sonuçları bu varsayımı desteklemiştir.
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of TV channels’ viewing rate (rating) of the competition on public speaker preferences as one of the forms of presentation of news. The study is of importance in terms of revealing whether the pressure of the viewing rate sends the television news editors to a more sensational way, if it sends the degree of it. In TV news literature, kam spiker can be classified in three types: direct and hard-input kam spiker (hard lead), indirect and curious kam spiker (soft lead), and quotation spiker (quote lead), starting with a stunning quote. When making the editorial decision on which of these speakers to be used, various criteria are taken into account: the type of channel, the type of broadcast, the type of news. In the study in Turkey, the general TV channels and thematic news channels are compared with the preference of the speaker type and the use weight. As general TV channels, Show, Star and ATV; as news channels, NTV, Haber Global and HaberTürk's main news newspapers have been analyzed. In the main news newspapers of the general channels working under a more intense "visuality rate pressure", thematic news channels may be expected to be more preferred than the main news newspapers of "exact and curious kam speakers." The results of the study supported this assumption.
This study aims at research of effects of rating competition of television channels on news lead choices as a news presentation style. The importance of the study is to determine whether rating pressure leads editors to a more sensational style, and if so, how strong this tendency is. In broadcast announcing leads can be classified in 3 types: hard leads, soft leads and quote leads. When making editorial decisions on which of them and how much to use, there are some criteria to be considered: type of television channel, type of slot, type of news. In this study news lead choices and use rates are analyzed comparatively between generalist channels and news channels in Turkey. Content analysis of night newscasts of Show, Star, ATV (as generalist channels) and NTV, Habertürk, Haber Global (as news channels) was accomplished. Generalist channels under heavy rating pressure are expected to give more place for soft leads in their newscasts compared to thematic news channels. The results of this study supported this thesis.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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