Abstract:

The appreciated and healthy conservation and restoration remedies on monuments and historical buildings can be achieved by the chemical, physical and mechanical compatibilities of original and restoration materials used as mortar, plaster, stone, brick etc. To achieve this compability, it is a necessity to evaluate the chemical, physical and mechanical properties of new restoration materials as well as the original.The mortar, plaster, jointing materials and other composite building materials are important elements of the historical buildings, as be modern buildings. Because of their special characteristics and problems, the conservation works on the historical buildings should need deep care and sensitivity. But in previous restorations, since the necessary works on materials were neglected and the originals were replaced with contemporary materials, the documental value of historical buildings was lost.To produce similar or compatible mortars and plaster for an historical building, it is necessary to know the old binders, fillers and additives, used in their time. It is also necessary to know their properties, preparations, periods and application techniques as well as decomposition mechanism and reasons. Because of this, the properties of historical mortars, plasters, and, mud, gypsum, non hydraulic and hydraulic lime, and, early cement binders were researched by restorers and related technical staffs.In this study, the information about the properties of binders and their periods, those used in mortar, plaster and other composite materials, are given

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