Abstract:

Urban transformation is a series of comprehensive and comprehensive visions and actions seeking to improve the social, economic, physical and environmental conditions of a area and bringing solutions to urban problems. The Law No. 6306 on the Conversion of Disaster Risk Areas, adopted in 2012, defines the procedures and principles of urban transformation. In recent years, urban transformation practices have been intensely carried out in districts with disaster risks. One of the basic bases and output points of urban transformation practices is city security. The objectives of urban transformation include building safer cities and making people feel safe where they live. Under the title 'Security' in the European Urban Charter, the title is used as 'a safe and secure city free of crime, illegal events and violence as possible' and the principles are proposed. For a safe city, it is necessary to take measures to prevent unplanned urbanization, also known as broken urbanization, the construction of safe housing, open green spaces and sports facilities to ensure the socio-cultural spaces and facilities in a healthy and standard manner. In this context, the presence of secure cities is attempted to be secured along with urban transformation and it is seen that it is passed from the neighborhood structure to secure sites. The aim of this study is to explore whether the urban areas are safer than the former settlements. The study will discuss the urban transformation and city security relationship in the "Esenler Airport District" which was proclaimed as a urban transformation project because it had a bad building stock in 2013 and could be destroyed in a possible earthquake. In the framework of the work, a deep interview will be made with 50 residents who live in the neighborhood and after their houses have been transformed into a city, who continue to live in the site. However, the head of the airport district, the Esenler District Security Directorate and the Esenler Municipality officials and the city transformation that took place in the airport district will be discussed to measure whether the security perception has changed or not and will be detailed in what direction the security perception in the district has changed.