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Peygamber Efendimiz’in hususi terbiyesinde yetişen Hz. Ali, çok yönlü bir şahsiyettir. Âyet ve hadislerde övgüye mazhar olmuş ve dördüncü halife olarak büyük bir vazifeyi deruhte etmiştir. Başta ilim olmak üzere, siyasi ve askerî sahada âbideleşen şahsiyeti hususunda, sahabe içerisinde sadece onun hakkında tarihte farklı yaklaşımlar ve buna bağlı zümreler oluşmuştur. Bu yaklaşımlar temel olarak, Ehl-i Sünnet ve Şiî olmak üzeri iki kısma ayrılır. Tasavvuf açısından temelde Ehl-i Sünnet yaklaşım esas olmuş ve tasavvufî telakkiler bu çerçevede şekillenmiştir. Bununla birlikte Şiiler’in Hz. Ali ile ilgili yorum getirdikleri Ehl-i Beyt, velâyet ve nûr gibi konular, sûfîler tarafından da yorumlanmıştır. Ancak mutasavvıflar aynı konulara Şiiler’den farklı bir muhtevâ ile yaklaşmışlardır. Mutasavvıflar tasavvuf önderlerini, zühdleri yönüyle dört halife ve bazı zâhid sahâbeler ile başlatırlar. Aynı şekilde tarikat silsilelerinde de dört halife yer almakla birlikte, tasavvufta en öne çıkan şahsiyet Hz. Ali olmuştur. Sûfîler Hz. Ali’nin Kur’an, hadis ve özellikle fıkıh alanında olduğu gibi, tasavvuf alanında da otorite olduğu kanaatindedirler. Bu manada tasavvufun merkezinde yer alan hakîkat ve mârifet ilimlerinde, sahabe içerisinde Hz. Ali’yi otorite kabul ederler. Bir başka deyişle onu tasavvufta vehbî bilgilenme yoluyla elde edilen ledünnî ilme sahip olması hasebiyle, kendilerine sahabe içerisinde -diğer sahâbelerden de istifâde etmekle birlikte- en başta gelen rehber kabul etmişlerdir.
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is the Lord of all things. Ali is a diverse personality. He has been praised and praised in the fourth edition of the Qur’an and the fourth edition of the Qur’an. In the first part of science, in the political and military sphere of personality, in the Sahabe only about him in history different approaches and related assemblies were formed. These approaches are basically divided into two parts of being Ehl-i Sünnet and Shiî. Thus, it was the first time that the people of Tasavvuf were founded, and the Tasavvufis were formed in this framework. The HZ of the Shiels. They are the people of the world, the people of the world, the people of the world, the people of the world, the people of the world, the people of the world, the people of the world, the people of the world, the people of the world. But the mutasavvists approached the same subjects with a different mouthfulness. Those who are in the midst of the covenant are the four men and the four men and the four men and the four men and the four men. In the same way in the tarikat silsiles there are also four caliphs, and the person who comes out of the tasavvuftauna Hz. Ali was there. and the Hs. The Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, and the Qur’an. This is in the midst of the midst of the midst of the midst of the midst of the midst of the midst of the midst of the midst. He accepts Ali as authority. In other words, they accepted the guidance that came to them through the knowledge of the way that was obtained through the knowledge of the way that was obtained through the knowledge of the way that was obtained through the knowledge of the way that was obtained through the knowledge of the way that was obtained through the knowledge of the way that was obtained through the knowledge of the way that was obtained through the knowledge of the way that was obtained through the knowledge of the way that was obtained through the knowledge of the way that was obtained through the knowledge of the way.
Hazrat Ali, who grew up in the special order of the Prophet Mohammed, has a versatile character. He was praised in the verses and hadiths and as the fourth Caliph, he fulfilled a great task. Only about him, different approaches in history have been developed and related groups have formed in the field of science, politics and military. These approaches are basically divided into two parts, “Ahl al-Sunnah” and “Shiite”. In terms of Sufism, the “Ahl al-Sunnah” approach was fundamental and Sufi understanding was shaped within this framework. However, issues such as Ahl al-Bayt, Velāyat and nûr, which Shiites have made comments about Hazrat Ali, were also interpreted by the Sufis. Although Sufis approached the same issues with a different perspective from the Shiites. Sufis start Sufism leaders with four caliphs and some zāhid Sahabas in terms of their zuhds. Likewise, the order of the sect contains four caliphs, the most important figure of Sufism is Hz. Ali has been. It is possible to see the four caliphs in the hierarchical orders. The Sufis believe that Ali has authority in the field of the Qur'an, Hadith and fiqh, as well as authority in the field of Sufism. In this sense, they accept Hazrat Ali as the authority within the Sahaba in the haqiqa and ma'rifah sciences which is in the center of Sufism. In other words, they saw him as the foremost guide -although benefiting from other sahabas - because he possessed innate sciences (ilm al-ladun) of heart through knowledge in Sufism
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Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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