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Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın sonunda Paris Konferansı’nda alınan karar gereği 15 Mayıs 1919 günü İzmir şehri, Yunan ordusu tarafından işgal edilir. İşgal sırasında yaşanan kargaşa bir anda Osmanlı ve Batı kamuoyunun gündemine oturur. Sabah saatlerinde rıhtıma çıkan Yunan birlikleri, Saat Kulesi ve Sarıkışla’yı geçip Kemeraltı girişine geldiğinde bir veya bir kaç el silah sesi duyulur. Bunun üzerine Yunan askerleri; kışlaya, hükümet konağına ve alana bağlanan caddelerle, binalara ateş etmeye başlamış, Yunan askerlerinin açtığı ateş sonucunda çok sayıda Müslüman hayatını kaybetmiştir. Yaşananlardan dolayı ilk kurşun veya kurşunların kaynağıyla ilgili tartışmalar resmi raporlara girmiştir. Milli Mücadele yılları dâhil uzun bir dönem Türkiye’de, Kurtuluş Savaşı’nın İzmir’de Yunan askerlerine karşı atılan “ilk kurşunla” başladığı yönünde bir tarihsel anlatıya başvurulmamış, dolayısıyla “ilk kurşunu” kimin attığı ile ilgili de herhangi bir isim 1940’lara kadar da telaffuz edilmemiştir. Özellikle 1960’lardan sonra Hasan Tahsin (Osman Nevres) ismi ile birlikte “ilk kurşun” kavramı da tarih anlatımına eklemlenmiştir. Bu çalışma “ilk kurşunu” kimin nerede attığından ziyade; Hasan Tahsin’in attığını öne süren tarihsel anlatının referansı kabul edilen eserleri ve bu eserlerde sunulan tarihsel kanıtları kritik etmeyi, öte yandan ise Hasan Tahsin ve “ilk kurşun” etrafında dönen tartışmaların tarihsel serüvenine bakmayı hedeflemektedir.
According to the decision taken at the Paris Conference at the end of World War I, the city of İzmir was occupied by the Greek army on May 15, 1919. The conflict during the occupation at a moment sits on the agenda of the Ottoman and Western public. In the morning, the Greek troops who came to the righteous, passed the Hour Tower and the Sarıkışla and arrived at the entrance of the Kemeraltı, one or a few hand-wapen sounds. Then the Greek soldiers began to shoot the buildings, with the streets connected to the shelter, the government hall and the area, and many Muslims lost their lives as a result of the Greek soldiers' fire. Discussions about the source of the first shots or shots due to the events have entered official reports. For a long period, including the years of national struggle in Turkey, a historical story has not been applied to the beginning of the Liberation War against the Greek soldiers in Izmir with the "first shot", and therefore no name has been spoken until the 1940s about who has thrown the "first shot". Specifically after the 1960s, along with the name Hasan Tahsin (Osman Nevres), the concept of "first shot" has also been added to the history story. This study aims to criticize the reference of the historical narrative that suggests that Hasan Tahsin was thrown and the historical evidence presented in these works, and, on the other hand, to look at the historical flow of the discussions around Hasan Tahsin and the "first shot".
At the end of the First World War, the Greek army following the decision taken at the Paris Conference on 15 May 1919 occupied Izmir. The unrest during the occupation suddenly appeared on the agenda of the Ottoman and Western public. When the Greek troops arrived at the quay in the morning, went through the Clock Tower and the Yellow Barracks and arrived at the entrance of Kemeralti, one or more shots were heard. Thereupon, the Greek soldiers first started shooting at the streets, the buildings connected to the area, the Government House and the Yellow Barracks, and as a result of the fire set by the Greek soldiers, many Muslims lost their lives and in a short time the occupation led to great chaos. A long period of years in Turkey, including the National Struggle period, there was no indication of a historical narrative that the War of Independence begun in Izmir with "the first bullet” against the Greek troops. Therefore, no name had been mentioned about who was the first to open fire until 1940s. Especially after the 1960s, the concept of “the first bullet” was added to the historical narrative with the name of Hasan Tahsin. This study, on one hand, aims to criticize the works considered references for the historical narrative on the issue that Hasan Tahsin was the first to open fire and the historical evidences presented in these works, rather than who was the first to open fire. On the other hand, this study aims to analyze the historical adventure of the discussions around Hasan Tahsin and “the first bullet".
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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