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Mevlânâ Hâlid el-Bağdadî, Nakşibendiyye tarikatının on dokuzuncu yüzyılda Ortadoğu’daki en aktif temsilcisi kabul edilir. Tasavvufî anlayışı ve uygulamalarıyla İslam toplumunda bir heyecan ve dinamizm meydana getirmiştir. Yetiştirdiği halifeleri Irak başta olmak üzere pek çok ülkede ilim, tasavvuf, siyaset ve toplumsal alanlarda aktif rol almıştır. Bu makalemizin konusu onun başarısındaki temel unsurlardan biri olan irşad anlayışı ve mürşid-i kâmile yüklediği anlamdır. Ona göre irşad, şeriat ve tarikat merhalelerinin ikisini de kapsayan bir faaliyettir. İrşad’ın başarısı, müridin sahip olduğu sağlam itikat ve düzenli ibadetin, ahlak ve maneviyatla taçlandırılmasına bağlıdır. Ayrıca irşadın muhatabı yeryüzünde yaşayan bütün insanlar olup belli bir kitle ve bölgeyle sınırlı değildir. Mevlânâ Hâlid el-Bağdadî’nin mürşid-i kâmil’in vasıfları ve ona yüklediği sorumluluk da geleneksel tasavvufî anlayışın sınırlarını aşan bir özelliğe sahiptir. Ona göre mürşid-i kâmilin sadece tasavvuf alanında uzmanlaşması yeterli olmayıp ilim ve tasavvufu mezceden zülcenaheyn bir kişiliğe sahip olmalıdır. Mürşid-i kâmil, Kur’an ve Sünnete bağlılık hususunda tavizsiz, bidat ve aşırılıklara karşı mücadele eden, toplumsal hadiselere karşı duyarlı ve önder bir kişiliğe sahip olmalıdır. Bu makalede ele alacağımız irşad ve mürşid-i kâmil konusu ile Mevlânâ Hâlid ve halifelerinin toplumsal alandaki etkilerinin ve önemli hadiselere neden öncülük ettikleri hususunun anlaşılmasına katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır.
Mawlana Khalid al-Baghdadi is considered the most active representative of the Naqshbandi history in the nineteenth century in the Middle East. He has created a sense of excitement and dynamism in Islamic society with his mystical understanding and practices. The caliphs they trained had an active role in science, mysticism, politics and social fields in many countries, especially Iraq. The subject of this article is one of the basic elements in his success, his understanding of the irshad and the meaning he has attributed to the murshid. According to him, irshad is an activity that it covers both sharia and history. The success of irshad depends on firm belief and the regular worship of the disciple with morality and spirituality. In addition, the interlocutor is all people living on earth and is not limited to a specific mass and region. The qualities of Mawlana Khalid al-Baghdadi and the responsibility of him as well as the responsibility he has put him have a feature that transcends the boundaries of the traditional sufi understanding. According to him, Murshid al-Kamil’s specialization only in the field of mysticism, not enough. Must have a personality zulcenaheyn that combines science and mysticism. Murshid al-Kamil should be a sensitive and leader person against the Quran and Sunnah. The aim of this article is to contribute to the understanding of the successes of Mawlana Khalid and his caliphs in the social field and the pioneering of important events.
Mawlana Khalid al-Baghdadi is considered the most active representative of the Naqshbandi tariqa in the nineteenth century in the Middle East. He has created a sense of excitement and dynamism in İslamic society with his mystical understanding and practices. The caliphs they trained had an active role in science, mysticısm, politics and social fields in many countries, especially Iraq. The subject of this article is one of the basic elements in his success, his understanding of the irshad and the meaning he has attributed to the murshid. According to him, irshad is an activity that it covers both sharia and tariqa. The success of irshad depends on firm belief and the regular worship of the murid with morality and spirituality. In addition, the ınterlocutor is all people living on earth and is not limited to a specific mass and region. The qualities of Mawlana Khalid al-Baghdadi and the responsibility of him as well as the responsibility he has put him have a feature that transcends the boundaries of the traditional sufi understanding. According to him, Murshid al-Kamil’s specialization only in the field of mysticism, not enough. Must have a personality zulcenaheyn that combines science and mysticism. Murshid al-Kamil should be a sensitive and leader person against the Qoran and Sunnah. The aim of this article is to contribute to the understanding of the successes of Mawlana Khalid and his caliphs in the social field and the pioneering of important events.
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