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Sovyetler Birliği’nin çökmesinden sonra iki kutuplu sistemde köklü değişiklikler meydana gelmiştir. Bu süreçte çok daha faal bir politikaya yönelen Avrupa Birliği, coğrafi konumuna ek olarak sahip olduğu petrol ve doğalgaz gibi enerji kaynakları sebebiyle Azerbaycan’la yeni ilişkiler oluşturmaya başlamıştır. Bu bağlamda Avrupa Birliği, Azerbaycan’a TACIS, EMPI ve ENI Programları çerçevesinde ekonomik yardımlarda bulunmuş, tarihî İpek Yolu’nu yeniden faal duruma getirme politikası ve enerji politikalarını devreye sokarak yardımlarını çeşitlendirmiştir. Avrupa Birliği’nin uyguladığı bu politikaların ve Azerbaycan’a götürdüğü mali yardımların sonucunda her iki taraf arasında yakınlaşma yaşanmıştır. Yapılan Ortaklık ve İşbirliği Anlaşması yürürlüğe girdikten sonra Avrupa Birliği ile Azerbaycan arasındaki bu yakınlaşmanın hukuki temelleri de atılmıştır. Yaşanan bu karşılıklı yakınlaşma, bazı sorunları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Avrupa Birliği’nin Merkezî ve Doğu Avrupa devletlerine doğru genişlemesi, beraberinde özellikle güvenlikle ilgili problemler de getirmiştir. Bu bağlamda Avrupa Birliği, Azerbaycan üzerinden gelen tehditlerin engellenmesi için bu devleti 2004’te Avrupa Komşuluk Politikasına ve 2009’da Doğu Ortaklığı Politikasına dâhil etmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; TACIS, ENPI, ENI Programları ve tarihî İpek Yolu’nu yeniden faal duruma getirme politikası ile oluşturularak geliştirilen ekonomik ilişkileri; Ortaklık ve İşbirliği Anlaşması ile temelleri atılan hukuki ilişkileri; Avrupa Komşuluk ve Doğu Ortaklığı Politikaları ile çerçevelenen siyasi ilişkileri değerlendirmektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Avrupa Birliği, Azerbaycan, Ortaklık ve İşbirliği Anlaşması, Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası, Doğu Ortaklığı Politikası. Jel Kodları: F50, F53, F59
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, radical changes have occurred in the bipolar system. In addition to its geographical position, the European Union has started to create new relations with Azerbaijan due to its energy resources such as oil and natural gas. In this context, the European Union has provided economic assistance to Azerbaijan within the framework of TACIS, EMPI and ENI Programs, and has diversified its aid by re-activating the historic Silk Road and energy policies. As a result of these policies implemented by the European Union and its financial assistance to Azerbaijan, there has been a rapprochement between the two sides. After the entry into force of the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement, the legal foundations of this rapprochement between the European Union and Azerbaijan were laid. This mutual approximation has brought with it some problems. The expansion of the European Union towards the Central and Eastern European states has also brought about security problems. In this context, the European Union has included this state in the European Neighbourhood Policy in 2004 and Eastern Partnership Policy in 2009 in order to prevent the threats emanating from Azerbaijan. The aim of this study is to evaluate the economic relations developed by TACIS, ENPI, ENI Programs and the historic Silk Road, and to evaluate the legal relations that are based on the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement, and the political relations that are framed by the policies of European Neighbourhood and Eastern Partnership. Keywords: European Union, Azerbaijan, Partnership and Cooperation Agreement, European Neighbourhood Policy, Eastern Partnership Policy. Classification: F50, F53, F59
ABSTRACT After the collapse of the Soviet Union, radical changes have occurred in the bipolar system. In addition to its geographical position, the European Union has started to create new relations with Azerbaijan due to its energy resources such as oil and natural gas. In this context, the European Union has provided economic assistance to Azerbaijan within the framework of TACIS, EMPI and ENI Programs, and has diversified its aid by re-activating the historical Silk Road and energy policies. As a result of these policies implemented by the European Union and its financial assistance to Azerbaijan, there has been a rapprochement between the two sides. After the entry into force of the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement, the legal foundations of this rapprochement between the European Union and Azerbaijan were laid. This mutual rapprochement has brought with it some problems. The enlargement of the European Union towards the Central and Eastern European states has also brought about security problems. In this context, the European Union has included this state in the European Neighbourhood Policy in 2004 and Eastern Partnership Policy in 2009 in order to prevent the threats emanating from Azerbaijan. The aim of this study is to evaluate the economic relations developed by TACIS, ENPI, ENI Programs and the historical Silk Road, and to evaluate the legal relations that are based on the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement, and the political relations that are framed by the policies of European Neighbourhood and Eastern Partnership. Key Words: European Union, Azerbaijan, Partnership and Cooperation Agreement, European Neighborhood Policy, Eastern Partnership Policy. Jel Classification: F50, F53, F59
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