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ÖZ Erzincan’a bağlı Kemaliye ilçesi merkeze 144 km. uzaklıktadır. İlçe, Türklerin Anadolu’yu fethinden sonra Osmanlı hâkimiyetine kadar Anadolu Selçuklularının, İlhanlıların ve Akkoyunlulara bağlı kalmıştır. Fırat vadisinin batı kıyısında nehre paralel yerleşim gösteren ilçe, Osmanlı Döneminin 19. yüzyıl fiziki dokusunu yansıtmaktadır. Orta Cami, ilçede Kadı Gölü’nün yanında kuzeyden güneye doğru eğimli arazi üzerinde bulunmaktadır. Orta Cami, dikdörtgen plana sahip kubbe ile örtülü orta bölüm, içten düz ahşap tavan dıştan kırma çatı ile örtülü doğu ve batıdaki mekânlar ve kuzeyde yer alan son cemaat yerinden oluşmaktadır. Güney cephede mihrap nişi dışa taşıntı yapmaktadır. Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğünün 1985 tarihli belgesinde caminin inşa malzemesi kaba yonu taş olarak geçmektedir. Günümüzde kesme taşın kaplama malzemesi olarak kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Cephelerde yer alan pencereler sivri kemer alınlıklıdır. Caminin inşa kitabesi yoktur. Orta Cami olarak bilinen yapı, arşiv kayıtlarına göre Kiremitçi Mustafa Ağa tarafından yaptırılmış olmalıdır. Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivlerinde caminin ismi “Selatin, Kurşunlu, Orta Cami” olarak da geçmektedir. Arşiv kayıtları, caminin mimari özellikleri dikkate alınarak yapıyı 17. yüzyıla tarihlemek doğru olacaktır. Bu çalışmada Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğünün arşiv fotoğraflarından caminin kalem işi süslemeleri üslup özellikleri bakımından incelenerek teknik ve kompozisyon açısından değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır. Ele alınan caminin süslemeleri daha önce bir yayına konu olmamıştır. Amacımız kalemişi süslemeleri detaylı bir şekilde tanıtarak Anadolu duvar resmi içinde yerini belirlemektir. Cami, Batılaşma Dönemi etkilerinin görüldüğü sıva üzerine uygulanan kalem işi süslemelere sahipti. Ancak zamanında yapılan yanlış onarımlar bu süslemelerin günümüze kadar gelmesine engel olmuştur. Servi ve meyve ağaçları, kıvrımlı dallara bağlı kır çiçekleri, tomurcuk gül demetleri, madalyonlar, püsküller, C ve S kıvrımları bunlara ek olarak kandil, sütun, ay-yıldız süslemede uygulanan tasvirlerdir. Hardal sarısı, mavi, yeşil, kırmızı, turuncu, siyah gibi renkler kullanılmıştır. Bu camide görülen süslemeler anlayış olarak olmasa da üslup olarak İstanbul’daki örneklerden farklı süslemelere sahiptir. Anadolu’nun diğer yörelerinde görülen natürmort veya manzara resimleri bu camide uygulanmamıştır. Süslemelerin nitelik bakımından zayıf olması ve oranlardaki bozukluklar burada çalışan ustaların yerel olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Erzincan’ın bu küçük ilçesinde sanatın halka indirgenmiş olması ve halk sanatı içinde kendine has bir yer alması da ayrıca önemlidir. Bu süslemeleri, harimde geçen 1884-86 tarihli kitabe göz önüne alınarak ve üslup özellikleri bakımından 19.yüzyılın son çeyreğine tarihleyebiliriz.
Kemaliye district connected to ÖZ Erzincan is 144 km from the center. is far away. First, after the Turkish conquest of Anadolu until the Ottoman rule, it remained attached to the Anatolian Selçuklists, the Divine and the Akkoyunlists. The district, which shows a river-parallel settlement on the west coast of the Euphrates Valley, reflects the 19th-century physical tissue of the Ottoman era. Middle Cami is located on the ground rooted from the north to the south alongside the Lake of the Woman in the district. The Central Cami consists of the middle section covered with a cubic with a straight-to-range plan, the inner and straight wooden roof covered with the outer roof covered with the places in the east and west and the last community location located in the north. In the southern front, the Mishra is moving out. In the document of the General Directorate of the Foundations of 1985 the building material of the mosque passes as crude yoon stone. Currently, cutting stone is used as a coating material. The windows on the front are bright. There is no building book. The structure known as the Middle Cami, according to archive records, must be built by Kiremitçi Mustafa Ağa. The name of the mosque in the Ottoman archives of the Prime Minister is also known as "Selatin, Bulunlu, Middle Cami". The archive records, taking into account the architectural characteristics of the mosque, would be appropriate to date the structure to the 17th century. In this study, from the archive photos of the Foundation’s General Directorate, the paintwork decorations of the mosque will be examined in terms of the characteristics and technical and composition aspects. The coverage of the coverage has not been published before. Our goal is to determine its location in the image of the Anadolu wall by presenting the painting decorations in detail. Cami had decorations of the pen work applied on the slope on which the effects of the Westernization period were seen. But the wrong repairs made in time prevented these decorations from coming to the present day. Serve and fruit trees, land flowers linked to curved wings, rubber roses, medals, scratches, C and S curves are the drawings applied in candle, column, moon-star decoration. Colors such as hardal yellow, blue, green, red, orange, black have been used. The decorations seen in this mosque are not as an understanding, but they have different decorations as an example in Istanbul. Natural morts or landscapes seen in other places of Anadolu have not been applied in this mosque. The quality of the decorations is weak and the disorders in the ratio indicate that the masters working here are local. It is also important that Erzincan in this small district the art is reduced to the public and that it takes its own place in the public art. These decorations can be dated in the last quarter of the 19th century, taking into account the book of 1884-86, and in terms of its characteristics.
ABSTRACT A New Example Of Late Period Anatolian Wall Paintings: Kemaliye Orta Mosque Kemaliye district of Erzincan is 144 km. distance from the city center . After the conquest of Anatolia by the Turks, the district remained under the conrol of the Anatolian Seljuks, İlkhans and Akkoyuns. The district, which is parallel to the river on the west coast of the Euphrates Valley, reflects the 19th century physical structure of the Ottoman Period. Orta Mosque is located on the slope from north to south near Kadı Lake in the district. The Mosque Orta (Orta Cami) in Kemaliye district of Erzincan City, has a rectangular plan, covered by a dome with in central part. Its eastern and western spaces are covered by a flat wooden ceiling and there is in the north the narthex. The mihrab niche on the southern is overflow. In the document of the Directorate General of Foundations dated 1985, the building material of the mosque is referred to as rough stone. It is seen that cutting stone is used as covering material. The windows on the facades have a pointed arch. There is no inscription of the mosque. The building known as Orta Mosque should been built by Kiremitçi Mustafa Aga according to the archive records. In the Otto- man Archives of the Prime Ministry, the name of the mosque is called “Selatin, Orta Mosque, Kurşunlu”. Based on the archival records, the architectural features of the mosque, the building will be dated to the 17th century. In this study, the archival photographs of General Directorate of for Foundations will be utilized hand carved ornaments of the mosque will be analyzed in terms of style characteristics and they will be tried to be evaluated in terms of technique and composition. The decorati- ons of the mosque that have been discussed have not been subject to a publication before. Our aim is to identify the ornaments in the Ana- tolian wall painting in a detailed way. The mosque had hand carved ornaments applied on plasters where we were seeing westernization period effects. But incorrect repairs made in time prevented these or- naments to reach to our days. Cypress and fruittrees, crimson flowers, buds of roses, medallions, tassels, C and S curves, in addition oil lamps and columns are descriptions utilized in star-crescent ornaments. The colors as mustard yellow, blue, green, red, orange and black are used. The ornaments seen in this mosque has different ornaments in style from the ones in İstanbul but not in understanding. Still life orland scape pictures, seen in different regions of Anatolia, are not applied in this mosque. We can understand that those working there were region local masons because were mark some disproportions and fe- ebleness and they were not perfect. In this small town of Erzincan, it is also important that art has been reduced to the public level and find a special place in public art. We can date these ornaments to the 19th century having regard to the epitaph dated 1884-86 and the style characteristics.
Alan : Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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