Özet:

The present study aims to assert the basic characteristics of modern education understanding by examining its philosophical foundations. As an activity of education philosophy, this study aims to relate the basic characteristics of modern education with modern thought, society, and power structure and to understand the social and political structure by relating the same to the transformations in the world of thought. The outline of the structure of the modern education understanding becomes clear in case the adventure of establishment of modernism in Europe and then gradually throughout the world is examined by taking into consideration also the rupture from the scholastic thought of the middle ages and feudal power structure. Therefore the present study will assert the most basic characteristics of the modern education understanding which on the one hand is rationalist, scientific, secular but also massive, national, progressive, competitive, standardizing, and market-oriented on the other. Doing so the modern education understanding will be related on philosophical grounds to the characteristic structure of the modernist thought and society structure, which is rationalist, secular, scientific, and progressive, upon which the nation-state and the power of capitalism have been established. Besides it will also be examined what kind of a teaching – being taught relationship the modern education understanding could have inflicted in the scope of the foregoing. Keywords: modernism, ontology, instrumental rationality, power, mass education

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