Özet:

The theater is undoubtedly composed of important figures such as the play characters who present live performance on the stage, the stage, the decor and the light. While each of these is a subject of study separately, the issues such as relationship, proximity, emotional distance between stage and spectator, are also emphasized and different opinions about them are put forward. The emotional and intellectual distance, called by Sevda Shener as "esthetic distance" and defined as a necessary withdrawal and distant watching principle to prevent the artistic features of the play from being overlooked, has been interpreted differently according to the art understanding of each period. In a realistic theater, it was considered important for the spectators to empathize with the characters on the stage, and a kind of "illusion of reality" was created. In an attempt to convince the spectators that what they see is a section taken from real life, the plays have been performed with credibility that the spectators can identify with the characters. So, a close relationship was created between the spectator and the stage. However, over time, the "distance" between stage and spectator in theater is reviewed. In the new theater genres such as epic theater and absurd theater, it was tried to destroy any kind of proximity between the stage and the spectator and to eliminate the illusion created by the realistic theater. Briefly, in every period, the distance between the spectator and stage in the theater is reconsidered disparately and the concept of "distance" is brought into question. In our work, we aim to analyze the emotional and intellectual distance to be created or abolished form the classical theater to the modern theater.

Anahtar Kelimeler: