Özet:

Included in the Islamic Caliphate and a common religion – Near and Middle East united around Islam, Central Asian and Caucasian peoples contributed significantly to enabling the development of culture, sciense and the arts to the world civilization from the Middle Ages to the present. Brilliant generation of scientists, philosophers, poets expanded their creativity and created many scientific and literary works duaring this period. Most of this works hasn’t lost its value today. The wining power in econımic and administrative relations between the countries involved in the Arap Caliphate has played a major role in civil development, and as a result various cultures, Indian, Central Aaia, the Caucasus, Iran, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Grese- Creek cultures have siğnificantly affect each other. XI century began Caliphate fragmentation and in the territory of Central Asia, Iran, North Africa has emerged independent feudal state. Cultural development process in this newly created state has continued for several ceturies at a great pace. Arts and sciences as philology, lexicology, stylistic, poetry, architekture, music, calligraphy decorative arts had recorded significant progress. In the period under investigation in the Near East countries in various fields of science: philosophy, the emergence of the works in the social science and architectural monuments were indicative of the spiritual life. This period was the era of Kindi, Zakatia Razi, Farabi, Avicenna, Biruni, Mahmud Kaşgari, Buhari, Ferdousi, Rudeki, Nizami, Jahiz, el- Mearri, the ensyclopedic knowledge of scientists and poets. 

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