Abstract:

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare biological activity, chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Persea Americana mill refluxed in various solvents, ethanol and methanol respectively. Persea Americana is a plant that is quite new tothe turkish medicine and found its way to Turkey as it is little over 10 years old in use.  It has been used to treat certain skin problems anddiahrea. The plant extraction was done with various solvents and comparison was done between the extracts produced by ethanol solvent and that of methanol solvent. Chemical constituents of the leaf extract were analyzed using techniques of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The methods employed for in vitro antimicrobial screening were the broth microdilution assay and Kirby bauer assay. The technique 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging  was applied for antioxidant activity. The ethanol aqueous extract (EAE) IC50 value of 2.4mg / mL and methanol Aqueous extract (MAE) IC50 value was2.51mg/ml respectively. According to literature the lesser the IC50 value the more potent the molecule is in the DPPH assay, therefore the results of the IC50 for could be viewded as a powerful antioxidant thus it is highly potent. Scavenging activity for the MAE and EAE were analyzed. Scavenging/inhibition activity increases as concentration increases. The antibacterial activities of the various solvent extract were screened and compared against to Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus Aureus and Salmonella typhrium. The aqueous extracts showed a favourable amount of microbial activity, especially on S. Aureus and E.coli. Persea Americana in both extract conditions showed strong antioxidant ability, strong antimicrobial activity and gave an impressive amount of chemical components which reveal the compounds responsible for its biological activities.