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Cumhuriyet Döneminin en yoğun göç hareketi, 1923 yılında gerçekleştirilen Türk-Yunan halklarının karşılıklı değişimidir. Lozan Görüşmeleri sırasında kabul edilen mübadele protokolünün 1 Mayıs 1923’ten itibaren uygulanırlığı kabul edilmiş ve bu süreç içinde, Batı Trakya hariç, Yunanistan’daki Müslümanların Türkiye’ye göçürülmesi, Ortodoks Osmanlı vatandaşlarının da Yunanistan’a göçürülmesi karşılıklı olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bu değişimin sonucu Yunanistan ve Balkanlardan gelen göçmenlerin malları ve iskânına ilişkin olarak çıkartılmış olan kanun gereği, mübadil olarak tanımlanan göçmenler ile mülteciler, Rumların bıraktıkları evlere, topraklara, Anadolu’dan giden Rumlar da Türklerin bıraktıkları ev ve mülklere yerleşmişlerdir. Türkiye’ye gelmeden önce Yunanistan’daki fanatikler ve Balkan devletlerinin homojen ulus yaratma çabaları nedeniyle birçok sıkıntılar yaşayan mübadiller, özellikle 1924 yılından itibaren yapılan yerleşimlerinde yeni sorunlarla karşılaştılar. Göçmenlerin çoğunluğu yeni yerlerine uyum sağlayıp, üretici konuma geçene kadar yoksulluk çektiler. Bazı göçmenler de iskân edildikleri yerleri terk ederek yaşamlarını başka yerlerde sürdürdüler. Bu çalışma mübadele kapsamında Denizli’ye 1924 yılından itibaren gelen göçmenlerin yerleşimleri sırasında yaşadıkları yerleşme sorunlarını, yer değiştirme çabalarını, Hükûmet’in iskân politikası sırasında göçmenlerle yaşanan olayları incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma sırasında yazılı kaynaklar ve Başbakanlık Cumhuriyet Arşivi belgeleri kullanılarak Denizli’ye gelen göçmenlerin üretici konuma geçene kadar olan süreçte yaşadıkları gelişmeler incelenecektir.
The most intense immigration movement of the Republic Period was the mutual change of the Turkish-Greek peoples in 1923. The implementation of the exchange protocol adopted during the Lozan Negotiations was accepted from May 1, 1923 and in this process, except for Western Trakya, the immigration of Muslims in Greece to Turkey and the immigration of Orthodox Ottoman citizens to Greece was mutually accepted. As a result of this change, according to the law which was issued in relation to the goods and property of migrants from Greece and the Balkans, migrants and refugees defined as mutual, in the houses, land, and the Romans from Anatolia have settled in the houses and property that the Turks have left. Before arriving in Turkey, the fanatics in Greece and the rebels who suffered many difficulties due to the efforts of the Balkans to create a homogeneous nation, especially in the settlements built since 1924. The majority of immigrants adapted to their new places and suffered poverty until they moved to the producer’s position. Some immigrants also left the places where they were displaced and continued their lives elsewhere. This study, within the framework of the exchange, aims to explore the settlement problems that migrants arrived in Denizli since 1924 during settlements, the efforts to change the land, the events that occur with migrants during the government's covert policy. During the study, using written sources and the Prime Minister's Republic Archive documents, the developments in the process of migrants arriving in Denizli will be examined until they move to the producer's position.
The most intensive migration movement of the Republican Period is the exchange of Turkish and Greek people in 1923. The exchange protocol, accepted in the Treaty of Lausanne, has come into effect since the 1st of May, 1923 and in this process, except Western Thrace, it is mutually accepted that Muslims in Greece will come to Turkey and the Orthodox Ottoman citizens will be sent to Greece. The result of this change is that immigrants and refugees, who are identified as exchangees, were resettled in the houses and properties that are left behind by Greeks, and the Greeks leaving Anatolia were resettled in the homes and properties of the Turks according to the law on property and settlement of immigrants that came from Greece and Balkans. Exchangees, who experienced many difficulties before coming to Turkey because of the homogenous nation-building efforts of Balkan states and fanatics in Greece, run into new difficulties especially in their settlements since 1924. While the majority of exchangees lived in poverty until they adapted to their new location and became a producer, others left their settlements and maintained their lives elsewhere. The aim of this study is to examine settlement problems, replacement efforts, and the events during the resettlement policy of the Government experienced by immigrants coming to Denizli since 1924 as a part of the exchange. During the study, the written sources and the developments experienced by the immigrants coming to Denizli will be examined by using the Prime Ministry Republic Archive documents.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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