Abstract:

Studying the features of artistic reflection of the Bashkir people's spiritual world from ancient times to the present day is one of the most relevant issues of modern literature studies. The purpose of this study is to analyse the reflection of the main character traits of the Bashkir people in folklore works, to reproduce the spiritual process in the poetic material of the 18th-19th centuries; to reveal more complete and comprehensive disclosure of the spiritual world of characters in the works of Enlightenment and Critical Realism; to study the evolution of the artistic embodiment of the people's world perception in Bashkir literature of the 20th – early 21st centuries. The leading methods for studying this issue are: the analytical method – to analyse the scientific and methodological literature on the topic of the study; the comparative-historical method (comparativism) – to identify common elements in Bashkir and other national literatures over a long period of time; the method of structuralism (semiotic school) – to analyse a literary work from the perspective of structure, signification, communicativeness and integrity; the comparative method – to compare general literary phenomena. The data presented in this study can be a reliable support in studying the evolution of artistic reflection of the people's spiritual process in the art of words and in teaching courses on the history and theory of Bashkir literature at educational institutions of various levels, as well as in writing educational and methodological textbooks on the above courses.

Keywords: