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Tarım, insanın beslenme ihtiyacının karşılanmasında temel besin maddelerini üretmesi, diğer sektörlere girdi sağlaması, istihdam yaratması, ihracata doğrudan veya dolaylı katkıları sebebiyle ekonominin vazgeçilmez bir sektörüdür. Teknolojik gelişmeler ve modern tarım yöntemlerinin uygulanması, beraberinde tarımsal etkinliklerin yürütüldüğü havzaların doğal ve beşeri potansiyelinin belirlenmesini zorunlu hale getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada Umurbey Çayı Havzası’nda tarım üzerinde etkili olan doğal ve beşeri çevre faktörlerini ortaya koymak ve dolayısıyla havzada tarımın gelişmesine katkı sağlamak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, havzaya ait topografik haritalar ve çeşitli istatistikler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sahasının mekânsal özelliklerini daha net açıklayabilmek için ArcGIS10 programından yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma süresince yapılan arazi çalışmaları havzanın tarımsal etkinliklerinin mevcut durum analizi, bunlara etki eden fiziki ve beşeri faktörlerin ve sorunların belirlenmesinde büyük bir katkı sağlamıştır. Umurbey Çayı Havzası tarım açısından büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. 2018 yılı itibari ile havzanın 339.354 dekar olan toplam alanının 81.549 dekarını tarım alanları oluştururken 86.670 ton bitkisel üretim yapılmıştır. 19.247 dekar tarım alanı ise 2018 yılında tarımsal faaliyetlerde değerlendirilmemiştir. Havzada yazın azalan yağışlar, ormanlık alanlar, dağlık ve engebeli topografya tarım alanlarını sınırlandırmaktadır. Tarımsal potansiyelin verimli kullanılamaması, sulama sorunları, toprak problemleri ve erozyon yanı sıra tarım alanlarının yerleşme tehdidi altında kalması ve yanlış arazi kullanımı, değerlendirilmeyen tarım alanları, hayvancılıkta yaşanan sıkıntılar, tarımsal ürünlerin ekonomik getirisinin düşmesi, genç nüfusun göç etmesi, tarım konusunda bilgi ve eğitim eksikliği, pazarlama ve markalaşma konusundaki yetersizlikler vb. Umurbey Çayı Havzası’ndaki başlıca problemleri oluşturur. Havzada tarımsal faaliyetlerin gelişmesine katkı sunacak çalışmaların sınırlı olması bu çalışmanın saha açısından önemini artırmaktadır.
Agriculture is an essential sector of the economy due to the production of basic nutrients in the satisfaction of human nutritional needs, the provision of entrance to other sectors, the creation of jobs, the direct or indirect contribution to exports. Technological developments and the implementation of modern agricultural methods make it compulsory to determine the natural and human potential of the basins where agricultural activities are carried out. This study aims to identify natural and human environmental factors that affect agriculture in the Umurbey Tea Pool and thus contribute to the development of agriculture in the pool. For this purpose, topographic maps of the pool and various statistics were used. The ArcGIS10 program has been used to explain more clearly the spatial characteristics of the research field. The land studies conducted during the study have made a significant contribution to the analysis of the current state of the agricultural activities of the pool and the determination of the physical and human factors and problems affecting them. The Umurbey Tea Pool has a great potential in terms of agriculture. As of 2018, 81.549 hectares of the total area of the pool, which is 339.354 hectares, are agricultural areas, while 86.670 tons of plant production has been made. 19 247 hectares of agricultural area were not assessed in agricultural activities in 2018. Reduced rainfall in the swimming pool in the summer restricts forest areas, mountain and hindered topography agricultural areas. Inefficient exploitation of agricultural potential, watering problems, soil problems and erosion, as well as land areas being threatened by settlement and misuse of land, unevaluated agricultural areas, difficulties in livestock, economic return of agricultural products decline, youth migration, lack of knowledge and education in agriculture, insufficiency in marketing and branding, etc. Umurbey creates the main problems in the Tea Pool. The limitation of work that will contribute to the development of agricultural activities in the pool increases the importance of this work in the field.
Agriculture, is an indispensable sector of the economy due to the production of basic nutrients in meeting human nutritional needs, providing input to other sectors, creating jobs, direct or indirect contributions to exports. Technological advances and the application of modern agricultural methods make it necessary to determine the natural and human potential of basins where agricultural activities are carried out. In this study, It is aimed to identify the natural and human environmental factors that affect agriculture in the Umurbey River Basin and therefore contribute to the development of agriculture in this basin. For this purpose, topographical maps and various statistics of the the basin were used. ArcGIS10 program was also used to explain the spatial characteristics of the research site more clearly. Field studies conducted during the study period contributed greatly to the current state analysis of the agricultural activities of the basin, determining the physical and human factors and problems that affect them. This basin has a great potential in terms of agriculture. As of 2018, 81,549 decars (22.1%) of the total area of the basin (339,354 decars) were agricultural areas, while 86,670 tons of plant production were manifactured. 19,247 decars agricultural areas were not used in agricultural activities in 2018. In this basin, reduced rainfall in summer, forested areas, mountainous and hilly topography limit the agricultural areas. Inability to use agricultural potential efficiently, irrigation problems, soil problems and erosion, as well as the threat of settling in agricultural areas and improper use of land, unused agricultural areas, problems in animal husbandry, decrease in the economic return of agricultural products, migration of the young population, lack of knowledge and education on agriculture, inadequacy in marketing and branding, etc. constitute the main problems in the Umurbey Stream basin. Limited studies that will contribute to the development of agricultural activities in the basin increase the importance of this study from a field point of view.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Fen Bilimleri ve Matematik; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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