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Hamilik beyanları genellikle güvenden doğan sorumluluğun bir tezahürü olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Özellikle bağlı şirketin finansmana erişimini kolaylaştırmak ve piyasadaki iş hacmini arttırmak amacıyla, hâkim şirket tarafından sıklıkla hamilik beyanlarında bulunulduğu görülmektedir. Kara Avrupası’nda İsviçre Federal Mahkemesi’nin Swissair Kararı ile kabul edilen güven sorumluluğunu, pozitif bir düzenleme ile kanunlaştıran ilk ülke Türkiye olmuştur. Güven sorumluluğu gerek Avrupa’da gerekse ülkemizde, doktrinde uzunca bir süre tartışılmasına rağmen, bu sorumluluk türünün en sık görülen hali olan hamilik beyanlarına aynı derecede ilgi gösterilmemiştir. Hamilik beyanlarının hukuki niteliği tartışma konusudur. Özellikle hâkim şirketin sorumluluğunun belirlenmesi noktasında beyanın hukuki niteliği büyük önem arz etmektedir. Hamilik beyanlarının sorumluluk üzerindeki etkisi, beyanın içeriğine ve beyan sınıflandırmasındaki yerine göre tespit edilebilmektedir. Bu nedenle öncelikle hamilik beyanlarını tasnif etmek, ardından da sorumluluk açısından özel olarak değerlendirmek gerekmektedir. Çalışmamız boyunca uygulamada en sık karşılaşılan hamilik beyanları ile bu beyanların hâkim şirketin sorumluluğuna etkileri detaylıca incelenmiş ve her bir hamilik beyanına göre sorumluluğun doğup doğmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Pregnancy statements often come to us as a manifestation of responsibility arising from confidence. Especially in order to facilitate affiliate company access to financing and increase the volume of business on the market, it appears that the judge company is often presented in pregnancy statements. Turkey was the first country to legalize the confidence responsibility adopted by Swissair decision by the Swiss Federal Court in Black Europe, with a positive regulation. Trust responsibility, whether in Europe or in our country, although the doctrine has been discussed for a long time, has not been equally interested in pregnancy statements, which are the most common state of this kind of responsibility. The legal nature of pregnancy statements is a matter of discussion. In particular, the legal nature of the statement is of great importance at the point of determination of the responsibility of the judge company. The impact of pregnancy statements on responsibility can be determined according to the content of the statement and the place in the declaration classification. Therefore, it is necessary to first classify pregnancy statements, and then evaluate specifically in terms of responsibility. During our study, the most common pregnancy statements in the practice and the effects of these statements on the responsibility of the judge company have been thoroughly examined and according to each pregnancy statement, the responsibility has been identified whether or not.
Letters of comfort often appear as a manifestation of liability arising from trust in the group of companies. Especially in order to facilitate the access of the subsidiary company to finance and increase the business volume in the market, it is common for the holding companies to provide letters of comfort. The trust liability of group of companies was recognized first in the Continental Europe by the "Swissair Decision" of the Swiss Federal Court. Turkey has become the first country to enact legal rules setting forth such trust liability under the Turkish Commercial Code. Although the trust liability has been discussed for a very long time in the doctrine, there has not been equal attention paid to letter of comfort, the most common form of representation of such liability under the Swissair Decision, both in Europe and Turkey. The legal nature of the letters of comfort is a matter of debate. The legal characterization of such statement is very important in determining the liability of the holding company. The effect of the letter of comfort on liability of the holding company can be determined according to its content and place in classification of the declaration. For this reason, first of all, it is necessary to classify the letters of comfort and then, to evaluate them specially in terms of liability. In this article, the most common letters of comfort in practice and their effects on the liability of the holding company were examined in detail and it was determined whether the liability arises according to each statement.
Alan : Hukuk
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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