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Demiryolları Sanayi Devrimi ile birlikte ortaya çıkmış, o tarihlerden bu yana hız ve çeşitleri artmış, her alanda olduğu gibi şehirlerin gelişmesi ve çevreleri ile bağlantılarının kurulmasında da önemli rol oynamışlardır. Demiryollarına ülkemizde de önem verilmiş, büyük şehirler ana hatlarla birbirine bağlanırken, bir kısım tali hatlarda da demiryollarının bir çeşidi olan dekovil (dar demiryolu) hatlarından faydalanılmıştır. Türkiye’de yerel ölçekte hizmet veren ve bulundukları mekân üzerinde önemli etkilere sahip bu hatlardan biri de 1930 yılında inşa edilen Ayancık-Zingal dekovil hattıdır. Bu çalışmada Zingal şirketinin Sinop’un Ayancık ilçesinde kurduğu dekovil ağının Ayancık’ın kentsel gelişimi üzerine etkileri açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Sinop’un Ayancık yöresindeki ormanları işletmek için kurulan ZİNGAL Şirketi önce Ayancık ilçe merkezine bir kereste fabrikası kurmuş ardından fabrika ile orman sahası arasında nakliyatı sağlamak üzere Ayancık Çayı ve kollarının vadilerini takip eden 96 km uzunluğunda bir dekovil hattı inşa etmiştir. Fabrikaya hammadde temini için kurulan dekovil hattı zamanla köyler ile ilçe merkezi arasında en önemli ulaşım aracı haline gelmiştir. Hat üzerinde drezin (teresin) ve vagonet gibi küçük demiryolu nakil araçlarının da kullanılması ile ulaşımda büyük bir kolaylık sağlanmış, Ayancık, ulaşımın önemli bir sorun olduğu Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında, böyle bir imkândan faydalanan ilk yörelerden biri olmuştur. Kır ile kent arasında kurulan bu ulaşım ağı sayesinde Ayancık, geniş bir hinterlanda sahip olmuş, bu durum Ayancık’ın kentsel gelişimini hızlandırmıştır.
The railways have emerged along with the Industrial Revolution, since that time the speed and variety have increased, and have played an important role in the development of cities and the establishment of their connections with their surroundings, as in every area. The railways are also paid attention to our country, the big cities are connected with the main lines, while some rail lines are also used by the dekovil (dark rail) lines, which are a variety of railways. One of these lines in Turkey serving on a local scale and having significant effects on the place they are located is the Ayancık-Zingal dekovil line built in 1930. In this study, the Zingal company has been trying to explain the effects of the dekovil network established by Sinop in the Ayancık district on the urban development of Ayancık. The ZINGAL Company, which was established to operate the forests in the Ayancık area of Sinop, first established a kereste factory in the Ayancık district center and then built a 96 km long dekovil line following the valley of Ayancık Tea and its arms to provide transport between the factory and the forest field. The dekovil line established for the supply of raw materials to the factory has become the most important means of transport between the villages and the district center over time. With the use of small rail transport vehicles, such as drezin (teresin) and vagonet on the line, a great facility in transport was provided, Ayancık was one of the first places to take advantage of such an opportunity in the first years of the Republic, where transport was a major problem. Thanks to this transport network established between the village and the city, Ayancık has a wide background, which has accelerated the urban development of Ayancık.
Railways emerged with the Industrial Revolution and since then, the speed and variety of trains have increased and as in many areas, they have played an important role in the development of cities and establishment of the connection with their environment. In Turkey, railways have also been given importance, while major cities were connected each other by main lines; in some of the secondary lines, narrow-gauge railways, which is a kind of railways, have been used. One of these lines, which serve on a local scale in Turkey and are important influences in their area, is the Ayancık- Zingal narrow-gauge railway line, built in 1930. The aim of this study is to explain the effects of the narrow-gauge railway network established by the Zingal Company in Ayancık district of Sinop on the urban development of Ayancık. ZİNGAL Company was founded to operate the forests in Ayancık region of Sinop. The company then built a 96 km long narrow-gauge railway following the valleys of the Ayancık Stream and its tributaries to provide transportation between the factory and the forest area. Over time, this narrow-gauge railway line, which was built to provide raw material access to the factory, has become the most important transportation way between villages and district centre. The use of small railway transport vehicles such as draisine and wagonette on this line provided great convenience in transportation. Thus, villages in Ayancık became one of the first regions to benefit from such an opportunity in the early years of the Republic, which was the period when transportation was an important problem. With the establishment of this transportation network between the rural area and the city, Ayancık got a wide hinterland and thus, the urban development of Ayancık was accelerated.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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