Abstract:

Objective: The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and smoking on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, and IL-23 in patients with stage II and stage IV periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Individuals were divided into nine groups according to their periodontal diagnosis, smoking, and DM status: periodontally and systemically healthy individuals (PH-H, n=14), periodontally healthy smokers (PH-S, n=14), periodontally healthy diabetics (PH-D, n=14), systemically healthy individuals with stage II periodontitis (SII-H n=14), smokers with stage II periodontitis (SII-S, n=14), diabetics with stage II periodontitis (SII-D, n=14), systemically healthy individuals with stage IV periodontitis (SIV-H, n=14), smokers with stage IV periodontitis (SIV-S, n=14), and diabetics with stage IV periodontitis (SIV-D, n=14). GCF samples were collected and analyzed. Results: The mean GCF levels of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 in patients with stage IV periodontitis were significantly higher than those in patients with stage II periodontitis and in periodontally healthy individuals. Conclusion: As the stage of periodontitis increases, the levels of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 increase.

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