Özet:

Rice is the main food source, 40 % of the world's population, approximately 80 % of 2 billion people to meet the basic food staple calorieneeds. Rice is widely cultivated in tropical and temperate zones produced by 90% are consumed in Asian countries. According to the waterregime of rice cultivation is done in five training system in the world. These systems are considering planting area, 45% irrigation, 30% rain,11% in deep water, floating in 4% and 10% of rice cultivated as upland. Continuous irrigated rice production system in our country, cultivatedfields will be kept under water. 20 days until harvest, planting, field surface is covered with water. Water height-dependent manner thedevelopment of plants is increased gradually, and the maximum growth stages are around 15 cm. Irrigated rice cultivation methods used in theproduction system in the world of their economic, ecological and social status depend. They distribute seed to water (by hand, fertilizer scatterand aircraft), to dry the seed drill sowing, ridge planting and planting (hand and the seed drill planting) implemented in the form. Method isusually applied to distribute seed to water in our country. However, in recent years, laser leveling tools, and full mechanization of rice plantingareas with planting into machines has increased the applicability of the method. In this review, climate change, drought, soil and water management in the face of global challenges, such as rice farmingsystems and methods for sustainable rice production will be discussed.

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