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Bu makalede ünlü şarkiyatçı Theodor Nöldeke (1836-1930) tarafından ilk olarak 1860 yılında Almanca olarak kaleme alınan ve daha sonraki yıllarda farklı yazarlar tarafından genişletilerek yeni baskısı gerçekleştirilen Geschichte des Qorâns’ın (Kur’an Tarihi) temel kıraat problemlerine yaklaşımlarına yer verilmiştir. Burada zikredeceğimiz yaklaşımlar, başta Nöldeke olmak üzere özellikle kıraatler konusunda kitaba önemli katkılar sunan Gotthelf Bergsträßer’e (1886-1933) ait yaklaşımlar olacaktır. Onun temel kıraat problemleri hakkındaki yaklaşımlarına geçmeden önce, Alman dilinde kıraatler konusunda yapılan bazı çalışmalara tarafımızdan yer verilmiştir. Söz konusu çalışmalar içerisinde önem açısından Geschichte des Qorâns’ın yeri tartışılmazdır. Özellikle kıraatler konusunda önemli çalışmalara imza atan Bergsträßer’in Geschichte des Qorâns’a katkıları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda kitabın değeri bir kat daha artmaktadır. Dolayısıyla Geschichte des Qorâns’ın kıraat konusuna yaklaşımı ve bu konuda söyledikleri önem arz etmektedir. Makalede, Geschichte des Qorans’ın temel kıraat problemlerine yaklaşımları olarak, başta kıraat-resm ilişkisi bağlamında bir kıraatin resmü’l-mushafa uygun olması meselesi üzerinde durulmuş, ayrıca kıraat-gramer ilişkisi bakımından da kıraatin Arapça gramere muvafakat etmesi konusu ele alınmıştır. Makalede sahih sened ilkesi detaylı bir şekilde ele alındığı gibi “icmâ”/“âmme” prensibi ve “ihtiyâr” kavramı üzerinde de durulmuştur. Son olarak kıraatlerin birleştirilmesi/standardizasyonu konusu işlenmiş ve kitabın kıraat problemlerine yaklaşımları hakkında genel bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.
This article describes the approaches to the basic breaking issues of Geschichte des Qorâns (The History of the Qur’an), which was first written in German in 1860 and published by different authors in the subsequent years. The approaches we will mention here will be the approaches of Gotthelf Bergsträßer (1886-1933) which has made significant contributions to the book, especially in the Nöldeke. Prior to his approaches to the core crash problems, some of the studies on crashes in the German language were presented by us. The place of history of the Qur’an is not discussed in these studies. When taking into account Bergsträßer's contribution to the Geschichte des Qorâns, which has signed important studies on the crashes, the value of the book increases once more. Therefore, the history of the Qur’an’s approach to the breach and the importance of what they say about it. In the article, as the approaches of Geschichte des Qorans to the main crash issues, it focused on the question of the correspondence of a crash in the context of the crash-official relationship to the formal-mushafa, as well as the question of the acceptance of the crash in the context of the crash-gramer relationship to the Arabic gram. The article also focuses on the principle of "icmâ"/"amme" and the concept of "your" as the authentic sened principle is detailed. Finally, the subject of the combination/standardization of the breaks was processed and a general assessment of the approaches to the breaks of the book was made.
In this article, the issue of approaches to basic recitation problems according to Geschichte des Qorâns (The History of the Qurʾān), which was first written by Theodor Nöldeke (1836-1930) in German in 1860 and later expanded and reprinted by different authors, is discussed. The approaches we will mention here will be those of Nöldeke and Gotthelf Bergsträßer (1886-1933) who made important contributions to the book and especially regarding recitations. Before moving on to his approaches to basic recitation problems, we have included some studies on recitations in the German language. The place of Geschichte des Qorâns is indisputable in terms of importance among these studies. Considering Bergsträßer's contributions to Geschichte des Qorâns, who has made important studies on recitations, the value of the book increases even more. Therefore, Geschichte des Qorâns approach to the subject of recitation and what this book says about it is important. In the article, the approach of Geschichte des Qorâns to the basic recitation problems, especially the issue of the compatibility of a recitation with the rasm al-mushaf in the context of the recitation-picture relationship, and also the issue of the recitation agreeing with the Arabic grammar in terms of the recitation-grammar relationship is discussed. In the article, the principle of authentic saned is discussed in detail, as well as the principle of “ijmāʿ"/ “ʿâmma” and the concept of “ikhtiyār”. Finally, the subject of unification/standardization of recitations was discussed and a general evaluation was made about the approach of the book to the problems of recitation.
Field : İlahiyat
Journal Type : Ulusal
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