Abstract:

Since there is no state structure in the Jahiliyyah Period, political situation is highly uncertain and mysterious. However, since there was not a modern state structure in the Jahiliyyah Period, political life lacked a legal system that would establish a common good. Although the roots of political life were present in The Jahiliyyah Period, they later took on a corporate structure with the Umayyads. Geographic hardships, scarcity of resources, struggle for grasslands and the battles for trade routes made tribal life obligatory. It is impossible to survive in the Arabian deserts with a nuclear family. Thus, the people of the age were forced to live with groups of people who are gathered by kindred ship. These groups created the concept of tribe as a social structure. A tribe is a small state in the desert which has a socio-politic structure that is more than just kindred ship. Tribe members live in the tribe they are born into and obey its rules. In addition, tribe members joined battles, got their revenge, and internalized the honour and reputation of their tribe as their own. The term “tribe” also expresses the political organization. The spirit that connects and makes the members of a tribe action against the hazards and act together is called Asabiyyah. The motto of Asabiyyah is “help your brother; tyrant or oppressed”. The people of the period were forced to comply with the rules and the politics that the tribal life put forward. Tribal life also affected the literary works of the period. The poets of the period wrote many political praise poems to help their tribe dominate the politics, and many political satiric poems to criticize their enemies, ın addition, they also wrote elegies to reflect on the heroic deeds of those who died in battles and other praise poems to boast about both themselves and their lineages.

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