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38
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9
19. yüzyıldan itibaren Osmanlı hapishanelerinde insan sağlığına uygun olmayan koşulların düzeltilmesi için önemli adımlar atılmıştır. Bedene yönelik cezadan, zindandan hapishaneye geçiş bu dönemde gündeme gelmiş olup, dönemin siyasal olayları, toplumum reformlara bakışı gibi sorunlar hapishaneler konusundaki iyileştirme çabalarının istenilen düzeyde gerçekleşmesini engellemiştir. Hapishaneler konusunda en önemli sorunlardan biri de dönemin belgelerinden anladığımıza göre mevcut binalardır. Bu binaların onarılması veya yeni modern binaların yapılması gereklidir. Binaların onarımı için gerekli tahsisat miktarı hayli yüksektir. Yayınlanan nizamnamelerde her vilayet, kaza ve livada mahalli hapishanelerin açılması, bunlara ek olarak da belirlenecek yerlerde umumi hapishanelerin açılarak, mahkumların cezalarına göre ayrılması kararlaştırılmış, fakat tam olarak hayata geçirilememiştir.Yine bu bağlamda örnek hapishane planları çizdirilmiş ve bu planlar doğrultusunda yeni hapishanelerin yapılması kararlaştırılmıştır.Osmanlı hapishanelerinde bu tarihlerde yaklaşık olarak 28000 mahkum ve mevkufun bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yetersiz binalarda kalabalık bir halde yaşama zorunluluğu, izdiham, sağlık koşullarındaki yetersizlik, güvenlik gibi sorunları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Devlet bu sorunları çözmeye çalışsa da son dönemdeki siyasal, sosyal ve ekonomik sıkıntılar buna engel olmuştur. Çalışmamızda da görüleceği gibi bu sorun Türkiye Cumhuriyetine kalmıştır. Genç Cumhuriyet Osmanlıdan devraldığı bu sorunu hukuk devrimi bağlamında çözmeye çalışmıştır
Since the 19th century, important steps have been taken in the Ottoman prisons to repair conditions that are not suitable for human health. From the punishment to the body, the transition from prison to prison has come to the agenda in this period, and the political events of the period, problems such as the view of reforms in society, have prevented the improvement efforts in prisons from taking place at the desired level. One of the most important issues about prisons is that, as we understand from the documents of the time, the existing buildings are. It is necessary to repair these buildings or to build new modern buildings. The amount required for the repair of the buildings is very high. In the publication of the legislation, the opening of local prisons in each province, accident and livada, the opening of public prisons in places to be determined, the separation of prisoners according to the penalties, but not fully implemented.In this context, the examples of prison plans were drawn up and the construction of new prisons according to these plans was agreed. In insufficient buildings, the need to live in a crowded state, the need to live in a crowded state, the need to live in a crowded state, the need to live in a crowded state, the need to live in a crowded state, the need to live in a crowded state, the need to live in a crowded state, the need to live in a crowded state, the need to live in a crowded state, the need to live in a crowded state, the need to live in a crowded state, and the need to live in a crowded state. While the government is trying to solve these problems, the political, social and economic difficulties in recent times have prevented it. As we will see in our work, this problem remains in the Republic of Turkey. The young Republic has tried to solve this problem from the Ottoman in the context of the law revolution.
There were very important steps to improve unsuitable conditions for people health during 19th century in Ottoman prisons. In this period to come in to question from to body punishment to dungeon and transition the prison, however the problems of the political events of this period and the community viewpoints of reforms embarrass to efforts of desired level improve unsuitable conditions. One of the most important problems about the prisons we understand in the documents that the present buildings. To repair these buildings or construct modern buildings was necessary. It was too much appropriation for repairing these buildings. In the published statute book, they assignment to open each province, township and region local prisons in addition to open public prisons in certain area and separate to each convict for their penalty but it couldn’t able to perform exactly. Again in this context sample prisons plans drawn and assignment that to build new prisons to this dimensions. It was determined that in this date approximately 28.000 convict and imprisoned lived in these prisons. Obligations of the live crowded and poorly constructions bring about to problems like crowd, inadequate health conditions and safety. The last period of politic, social and economic distress put a stay on to tried to solve these problems for the government. You can see that in our study, this problem remain to the Turkey Republic. Young republic tried to solve this problem with legal revolutionary when they take over it to Ottoman
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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