Özet:

Objective: The onset, severity and progression of periodontal diseases are mainly related to the inflammatory host response against periodontal pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary interleukin (IL) -1β, IL-13, IL-21 and IL-33 levels in patients with stage III grade C periodontitis and compare it with periodontally healthy individuals. Methods: A total of 58 individuals, including 28 periodontally healthy and 30 stage III grade C periodontitis patients were included in this study. Periodontal parameters including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured. Saliva samples were obtained from all patients. Salivary interleukin (IL) -1β, IL-13, IL21, IL-33 levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: All clinical parameters were significantly higher in periodontitis patients compared to healthy individuals (p<0.001). Elevated salivary IL-1β and IL-21 levels were found in the periodontitis group compared to healthy ones (p=0.009 and p<0.001, respectively). However, IL-13 and IL-33 levels were similar in both groups (p= 0.92). IL-1β was significantly correlated with both clinical and biochemical parameters but IL-21 was correlated with only clinical parameters. Conclusion: This study showed that elevated salivary IL-21 and IL-1β levels are associated with periodontitis and might be used as a marker for the diagnosis of periodontitis.

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