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The article is about the comparison the potential and real yields of spring and winter wheat under the conditions of the Altai Region. There is the huge gap between the potential biological productivity of wheat and the actual yield in this territory. It is necessary to create optimal conditions for the period of wheat growing season in order to full realize the genetic potential of biological productivity and to obtain the maximum possible yield. Keywords: Wheat; potential productivity; yield; agriculture; Altai Region References: Belyaev, V. I., & Volnov, V. V. (2010). Resource-Saving Technologies of Cultivation of Grain Crops in the Altai Territory. Barnaul:ASAU. Bischoff, N., Mikutta, R., Shibistova, O., Puzanov, A., Reichert, E., Silanteva, M., Grebennikova, A., Schaarschmidt, F., Heinicke, S., & Guggenberger, G. (2016). Land-Use Change under Different Climatic Conditions: Consequence for Organic Matter and Microbial Communities in Siberian Steppe Soils. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 235, 253-264. Grain Crops: Variety of AltSRIA. Retrieved from http://www.altniish.ru/sorts/zern.php Illiger, P., Fruehauf, M., Shmidt, G., Meinel, T., Belyaev, V., Silantieva, M., & Kazarian, M. (2014). Ecosystem Conversion and its Effects for Carbon Sink Function in West-Siberian Kulunda Steppe.-Accounting and Valuation of Ecosystem Services (ES)-Experience, Especially in Germany and Russia. Digest of Scientific Papers, 301-320. Korenev, G. V. (1983). Plant-Growing with the Basics of Breeding and Seed Production. Moskow: Kolos. Korobeynikov, N. I., Rozova, M. A., & Boradulina, V. A. (2010). Efficiency of Selection of Grain Crops in the Altai Territory. Achievements of Science and Technology of the AIC, 6,18-22. Monitoring the Development of Agriculture in the Altai Region (January-December 2016). Retrieved from http://www.altagro22.ru/management/analytics/obzory/monitoring-razvitiya-selskogo-khozyaystva-altayskogo-kraya-za-yanvar-dekabr-2016-goda/ Altai Territory in numbers. 2007-2012: A brief statistical compilation. (2013). Barnaul: Territorial body of Federal State Statistics Service for the Altai Region. Proskuryakova, Y. V. (2003). The Main Factors to Stabilize the Yield of Spring Wheat. Bulletin of the Altai State Agrarian University, 2, 225-226.  

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