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Sürgünlük kavramı siyasi, sosyal, ekonomik sebeplerden kaynaklı cezalandırılma, belli bir süre veya daimi olarak yerinden edilme, başka bir yere gönderilme durumlarını ifade eder. Çoğunlukla göç olgusuyla birlikte ele alınan bu kavram, irade dışında gerçekleşmesi yönüyle göç ile bazı farklılıkları içermektedir. Bu çalışmada sürgün kavramı hayatının iki döneminde sürgün cezasına çarptırılan Türk edebiyatının önemli isimlerinden Refik Halit Karay’ın yaşamı ve eserleri üzerinden değerlendirilecektir. Sürgüne gönderildiği beş yıl boyunca Anadolu’da ve Anadolu dışındaki hayatında gözlem yeteneğini kullanarak sürükleyici roman kurguları oluşturan yazarın ulaşım imkânlarının sınırlı olduğu dönemlerde yaptığı yolculukların eserlerine yansımaları üzerinde durulacaktır. Refik Halit, bu sürgün yolculukları sırasında insanları gözlemleyerek eserleri için kahramanlar biriktirir. Kendi yaşamında bazı olayları kurguya dâhil ederek olayları gerçekçi bir zemine oturtmaya çalışır. Türk edebiyatında genellikle siyasi, sosyal veya başka nedenlerden dolayı sürgün edilen erkek kahramanların hayatını ele alan eserler mevcuttur. Refik Halit Yezidin Kızı, Çete ve Nilgün romanlarında diğer eserlerin aksine sürgün erkekleri değil kadın kahramanları ele alarak farklı bir yaklaşım sergiler. Farklı kültürlerin temsilcileri olan roman kahramanları Zeli, Nina ve Nilgün çeşitli nedenlerle sürgüne mahkûm olmuşlardır. Yazar, sürgünün kadın psikolojisinde açtığı yaraları bu kahramanların kişilikleri üzerinden derinlemesine irdeler. Genellikle herkesin dikkatini çekecek güzellikte ve güçlü yapıda, çok iyi silah kullanan, birkaç yabancı dil bilen, iyi eğitim almış bu kadınların hemen hepsinin uzun yolculuklara çıktıkları ve çeşitli maceralar yaşadıkları görülür. Belli bir amaç ile yola çıkan bu kadınların casus rolü üstlenmeleri, tımarhanede kalmış olmaları ya da ruhsal hastalıklarla ile ilgili tedavi görmüş olmaları diğer ortak özellikleridir. Bu çalışmada yazarın Yezidin Kızı, Çete ve Nilgün romanlarındaki kadın kahramanların yaşadıkları sürgün hayatı ve bu kadınların ortak özellikleri üzerinde durulacaktır.
The concept of expulsion refers to the circumstances of punishment due to political, social, economic reasons, for a certain period of time or permanent expulsion, sent to another place. This concept, which is often addressed along with the immigration phenomenon, contains some differences with immigration in the direction of its occurrence outside the will. In this study, the concept of deportation will be evaluated through the life and works of Refik Halit Karay, an important name of Turkish literature, which was punished in the two periods of his life. During the five years he was expelled, he will focus on the reflections of the writer's work of his travel in periods in which the transport possibilities are limited, using his ability to observe his life in Anatolia and outside Anatolia. Refik Halit accumulates heroes for his works by observing people during these expulsion trips. In his own life, he tries to put the events on a realistic ground by incorporating some events into fiction. In Turkish literature there are works that often deal with the lives of male heroes who are deported for political, social or other reasons. Refik Halit; The Daughter of Yezidin, Chete and Nilgün not the kidnapped men, unlike other works in the novels; the female heroes show a different approach by addressing them. The novel heroes Zeli, Nina and Nilgün, who are representatives of different cultures, have been deported for various reasons. The author depicts the wounds that the exile opens in the female psychology deeply through the personalities of these heroes. Often, in the beauty and strong structure that will attract everyone's attention, these women who use very good weapons, know several foreign languages, well-trained, are almost all on long trips and experience a variety of adventures. The common features of these women who go for a specific purpose are the role of spy, being in the hospital or having been treated with mental illnesses. This study will focus on the exile life of the writer’s Yezidin’s Daughter, Chet and Nilgün’s novel women heroes and the common characteristics of these women.
The concept of deportation refers to the situation of being punished for political, social, economic reasons, being displaced for a certain period of time or permanently, being sent to another place. This concept, which is mostly dealt with in conjunction with the phenomenon of migration, includes some differences with migration in the way that it takes place outside the will. In this study, the concept of exile will be evaluated through the life and works of Refik Halit Karay, one of the important figures of Turkish literature who was sentenced to exile during the two periods of his life. During the five years of his exile in Anatolia and in his life outside Anatolia, he will focus on his reflections on the works of the author, who created immersive novel fiction using his ability to observe, and his journeys during periods when transportation opportunities were limited. Refik Halit accumulates heroes for his works by observing humans during these exile journeys. He tries to put some events in his own life on a realistic basis by incorporating them into his fiction. Turkish literature often features works that address the lives of exiled male protagonists for political, social or other reasons. Refik Halit; Daughter of Yazid, not exiled men unlike other works in the Gang and Nilgün novels; takes a different approach by addressing female protagonists. Heroes Zeli, Nina and Nilgün, who are representatives of different cultures, have been sentenced to exile for various reasons. The author delves deeply into the wounds inflicted by exile in the psychology of women through the personalities of these heroes. It is often seen that almost all of these well-educated women, who use very good weapons and speak a few foreign languages, have long journeys and have various adventures, with the beauty and strength to attract everyone's attention. The other common characteristics of these women, who set out with a certain purpose, to take on the role of spies, to be stuck in an asylum or to be treated for mental illness are. In this study, Daughter of Yazid, Gang and Nilgün novels, the lives of the female protagonists of exile and the common characteristics of these women will be discussed.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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