Özet:

In the course of optimization of compositions of alkaline hydro-aluminosilicates of general structural formula – (0,7÷1Na2O+0÷0,3K2O)·Al2O3·(2÷7)SiO2·nH2O, it is established that the phase composition of artificial stone depends more on the ratio of basic oxides; the temperature of hardening in the range of 20÷80 °С increases the speed of structure formation of zeolite-like phases. A determining factor of influence on the type of hydrated new formations is the ratio of SiO2/Al2O3; its increase leads to the creation of zeolite-like phases with high content of silica in its composition. At hardening of alkaline hydro-aluminosilicate of the given structural forms under standard conditions of hardening, providing for a high degree of crystallinity of structure, optimal is the ratio SiO2/Al2O3=4÷5. Introduction of potassium ions into the composition of hydro-aluminosilicate contributes to obtaining potassium and sodium–potassium zeolite–like new formations and to increasing the degree of crystallinity of the indicated phases. To accelerate the structure formation of alkaline hydro-aluminosilicate under standard conditions of hardening, it is necessary to introduce potassium oxide at K2O/R2O=0,15÷0,3. With an increase in the temperature of hardening of alkaline hydro-aluminosilicate from 20 to 80 °, the phase composition of artificial stone remains practically unchanged; however, this leads to an increase in the velocity of structure formation and the degree of crystallinity of artificial stone. As a result of optimization, we determined optimum structural formula of hydro-aluminosilicate (0,8Na2O+0,2K2O)·Al2O3·4,5SiO2·nH2O, which makes it possible under standard conditions of hardening to obtain water-resistant artificial stone by the synthesis in the composition of hydrated new formations of zeolite-like minerals of the type of zeolite Na–A; sodium and potassium heulandite, as well as sodium potassium phillipsite. Author Biographies Pavlo Kryvenko, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture Povitroflotsky ave,. 31, Kyiv, Ukraine, 03037 Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor V. D. Glukhovsky Scientific Research Institute for Binders and Materials

Anahtar Kelimeler: