Abstract:

With the acceleration of globalization recently, capital mobility between countries has become very important. At this point, although developed countries have advantages in certain areas; it is expected that developing countries will assume a more assertive role to realize their economic development. The internationalization movement, which started with the transfer of commercial activities of businesses from national areas to international areas; is a topic of interest in international trade. On this subject, it is crucial to carry out studies focused on developing countries, as well as developed country-oriented studies, which are frequently studied in the context of the internationalization of enterprises. In this context, the aim of the study is to determine the effect of cultural and institutional distance on exports on the scope of Turkey. The study also focuses on examining the direct effect of cultural and institutional distance, as well as the effect of its sub-dimensions on the dependent variable. In this context, within the framework of independent variables, 75 countries to which Turkey exports were determined as samples. In this research, export data, which is one of the internationalization strategies, was used as the dependent variable. In the study, two main hypotheses were determined to test the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. Moreover, since the study was designed in the context of Turkey, the third hypothesis was put forward considering the development status of the countries. According to the results of the research, while "individuality", one of the sub-dimensions of cultural distance, has a significant effect on the dependent variable; power distance, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation, and indulgence dimensions do not seem to have a significant effect. However, it is determined that the regulatory, normative,and cognitive sub-dimensions of institutional distance have a significant effect on the dependent variable. Finally, it is seen that the amount of exports differs according to the development levels of the countries.

Keywords: