Özet:

Orhan Kemal in his novels addresses the problems and efforts of workers, peasants, unemployed and repressed classes, in particular in terms of economic and human relations. In his works he tells the problems of the working class, the fact of the migration from the village to the city, as well as the economic problems and the exploitation of labor, is fictional in the context of the cultural araf. In this context, socio-cultural intersection is reflected through psychological and sociological events/traumates caused by the migration from the village to the city. The exposure of rural bodies that migrate to large cities to the practice of exclusion, the division of them as "other bodies", "immigrant bodies" and the labelling of them by "city/modern bodies" in Orhan Kemal's novels forms the sociological aspect of the immigration axis cultural crisis. However, the struggles of the peasants who are alienated to their cultures, who are forced to adhere to their habits and values, to rescue the cities, to adopt urban practices and to be approved by urban bodies are also the psychological dimension of the immigration phenomenon in the Orhan Kemal novels. In this article, the socio-cultural effects of the immigration phenomenon on Orhan Kemal's Blessed Land and the Romans of Gurbet Birds will be discussed from a sociological perspective. The two novels will describe the cultural encounters and cultural conflicts in which the poor characters migrated from the village to the city, especially in the framework of Pierre Bourdieu’s “habitus” and Erving Goffman’s “damga” concepts. The tensions between immigration actors and urban persons exposed to immigration will be assessed in particular by the differences that reflect the spatial autogeneity and the "reperture of behavior".

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Özet:

In his novels, Orhan Kemal addresses problems and survival struggles of workers, peasants, the unemployed, and oppressed classes in terms of economic and human relations. In his novels in which he focuses on the problems of the working class, the author fictionalizes the concept of rural depopulation in the context of economic problems and labor exploitation as well as cultural limbo. In his novels, Bereketli Topraklar Üzerinde and Gurbet Kuşları, limbo as a sociocultural concept is reflected through psychological and sociological concepts/ traumas created by rural depopulation. The fact that peasants migrating to big cities suffer from discriminating practices, the fact that they are discriminated against "other people" and "uncivilized people," and that they are influenced by the urbanite constitute the sociological aspect of migration-based cultural limbo in Orhan Kemal's novels. In addition, the struggles of peasants who have become alienated from their own culture and compromise/have to compromise their habits and values in forming households in the city, adopting urban practices and being approved by the urbanite constitutes more of the psychological aspects of migration. In this article, the sociocultural effects of migration in Orhan Kemal's novels Bereketli Topraklar Üzerinde and Gurbet Kuşları are examined through a sociological lens.